High Rise Flashcards
PN 633 High Rise, PN 982 Fires in Buildings, PN 907 F.I.R.E. Bag
633: Section 2 - Hazards
2.2 Know the 4 types of Hazards given in this section (a)(b)(c)(d)
Be able to give 2 examples of each
(a) Building height and design
(b) Management and use
(c) Fire behaviour
(d) Firefighting and rescue operations
633: Section 3 - Definitions
Be able to define Evacuation, Emergency Evacuation, Rescue & Mass Rescue
Evacuation – The immediate movement of people away from actual or potential danger towards
a place of relative safety, normally supported by a pre-determined plan/strategy
Emergency evacuation – The immediate and unplanned movement of people, assisted by LFB
personnel or other emergency responders, away from actual or potential danger towards a place
of relative safety, using recognised or normal means of escape, in circumstances where:
* A planned evacuation strategy does not exist for the premises and the IC decides that an
evacuation is necessary
* The planned evacuation strategy has not taken place and the IC decides that an evacuation is
necessary
* It is determined that the planned evacuation strategy, including a ‘stay put’ strategy is no
longer tenable and/or is not working effectively
It should be noted that both evacuation and emergency evacuation can be either full or partial i.e.
they can be applied to the entire premises or just a part of it (e.g. a wing of a hospital)
Rescue – The act of helping a person or persons who are threatened with immediate harm and
require assistance to move away from danger towards a place of relative or ultimate safety.
Mass rescue - The act of helping a large number of people that are threatened with immediate
harm and who require assistance to move away from the danger towards a place of relative or
ultimate safety. This is likely to involve the deployment of a large number of LFB personnel
and/or other responders
PN 633: Section 5 - Operational procedure
Give 4 of the 9 examples of information sources given - think of what you would use on the way to the incident and what you might see within the building (5.4)
(a) Any ‘responsible person’ present or building occupants.
(b) Fire alarm or ventilation control panels.
(c) Building plans. If necessary, it may be possible to create plans drawn from the floor layout of
unaffected floors, where the floor layout is consistent throughout the building.
(d) Premises information plate or ePIP.
(e) Signage.
(f) Mobile Data Terminals (MDT) and appliance tablets.
(g) Identifying which floor(s) the incident is located on in order to determine where the
bridgehead should be sited.
(h) CCTV.
(i) The location and status of any fire control, fire engineering and/or fixed installation systems.
PN 633: Section 5 - Operational procedure
Describe how a DRM is supplied (5.7) and the charge pressure (5.8)
5.7 The hydrant supply and deliveries from the pump to the dry rising main (DRM) must be twinned
and charged using 70mm hose.
5.8 Pump operators should monitor their flow gauges while charging the riser and before firefighting
has commenced. High flow rates or difficulty in achieving 10 bar pressure before firefighting has
commenced can indicate that rising main landing valves may be damaged or open
PN 633: Section 5 - Operational procedure
State where the FF lift should remain during an incident and why (5.17)
The firefighting lift should remain at the bridgehead so that rescued persons can be quickly brought to ground floor level
PN 633: Section 5 - Operational procedure
Describe where the Bridgehead should be located (5.23)
The bridgehead should be located two floors below the fire floor unless planning arrangements
or the specific design features of the building allows for safe air to be reliably maintained in a
position which is closer to the fire. Examples of this might include high rise buildings where flats
are accessed from open air balconies or where there are multiple fire doors maintaining
compartmentation between the flats and the protected stairwell
PN 633: Section 5 - Operational procedure
Can personnel proceed past the Bridgehead without the Fire Sector Commander’s permission? (5.29)
No personnel should proceed beyond the bridgehead without the sector commander fire’s authorisation
PN 633: Section 5 - Operational procedure
Where should The initial FF Jet be set into the Dry Riser? Can this be changed? What piece of equipment should be considered? (5.30)
The initial BA team’s charged jet should be supplied from the floor below the fire floor unless the
risk assessment by sector commander fire indicates it is safe to set in on the fire floor. If the initial
BA team’s branch is taken from the fire floor, consideration should be given to fitting a dividing
breech to the DRM outlet to allow the back up jet to be taken from this floor also, if conditions
allow
PN 633: Section 5 - Operational procedure
Where should hose lines be laid, and when should they be charged? (5.40 & 5.41)
Hose lines should be laid and charged in an area unaffected by fire or smoke and behind the
safety afforded by a fire-resistant structure or fire resisting door(s).
Hose lines should be fully charged before entering any doorway to prevent them passing under a
door, which could subsequently cause a flow restriction or the door to become an obstruction
when the jet is charged
PN 633: Section 5 - Operational procedure
What conditions should be met to declare ‘High Rise Procedure Implemented’ (5.55)
(a) The location of the bridgehead has been risk assessed as appropriate for the incident.
(b) Access and egress to and from the bridgehead is secured and maintained.
(c) The bridgehead is established and a charged jet is ready for deployment
PN 633: Section 5 - Operational procedure
Whose permission MUST you get to ventilate? (5.56)
Ventilation should only be undertaken on instruction of the IC and in accordance with Policy
number 883 - Tactical ventilation
PN 633: Section 5 - Operational procedure
What height / number of floors mean a building should provide Firefighting provisions, and give 2 of the 4 given (5.59)
Building regulations require all buildings over 6 floors/18m high to make provisions for
firefighting and firefighter access. The basic facilities provided within these buildings should
include:
(a) Firefighting shaft.
(b) Dry/wet rising mains (DRM or WRM).
(c) Firefighting lift.
(d) Ventilated lobby or corridor.
PN 633: Section 6 - Emergency evacuation and Mass Rescue
What piece of kit from the appliance may be useful to warn and inform residents to evacuate? (6.14)(a)
(a) Use of megaphones
PN 982: Section 2 - All building fires
List and describe first 4 hazards (2.2, 2.3, 2.4 & 2.5)
2.2 Backdraught: may occur in a compartment fire that is unvented and oxygen starved. Ventilating the
compartment as a result of the fire breaking through failed openings or as BA teams enter to
commence firefighting, can lead to fresh air being drawn into the compartment allowing for the
ignition of un-burnt fire gases leading to a rapid increase in temperatures, heat and flame propagation.
The resulting deflagration (explosion) will expand following the ventilation pathway to open air.
2.3 Explosive atmospheres and fire gas explosion: Products of combustion, including unburnt fire
gases and unburnt domestic gas supplies, can travel and collect in areas where their presence is not
obvious. Examples of this are compartments with high ceilings, in ducting, above false ceilings or other
hidden voids. In the correct concentration and when exposed to a source of ignition these gases may
ignite causing an explosion even after the primary fire has been extinguished.
2.4 Flashover: In a compartment fire, it is possible that the heat from the fire plume, hot gases and hot
compartment boundaries (ceilings and walls) can ignite all exposed combustible materials inside the
compartment. Where the compartment is adequately ventilated, this sudden and sustained transition
of a growing fire to a fully developed fire is known as a flashover.
2.5 Steam: Application of water within the fire compartment will produce steam. Although water will
convert to steam at 100 degrees Celsius it will continue to increase in temperature if there is sufficient
energy/temperature within the compartment
PN 982: Section 3 - Control measures - all building fires
What is the most important aspect of initial compartment firefighting? (3.19)
The most important aspect of initial compartment firefighting is to identify and extinguish the seat of
the fire.
PN 982: Section 3 - Control measures - all building fires
What piece of kit should BA teams ALWAYS take with them? (3.20)
Thermal image cameras should be used by all BA teams, where available, to locate the seat of the fire,
casualties and to check for the unseen travel of heat and products of combustion (including in
chimneys and ducting)
PN 982: Section 3 - Control measures - all building fires
What should BA teams look for when entering and progressing through a structure? (3.21)
As BA teams approach the point of entry to a compartment for firefighting, they should note potential
alternative escape routes and refuges. As a rule, the route used to a compartment should be retraced
when leaving the scene of operations, however, there may be exceptional circumstances where an
alternative egress route or refuge should be considered
PN 982: Section 3 - Control measures - all building fires
What should a BA team do if they lose water supply? (3.27)
If BA teams experience a loss of water at any stage during compartment firefighting they should
withdraw immediately
PN 982: Appendix 7 - F.I.R.E System
We will discuss this part using your aide memoire and check your confidence in using the system in different riding positions
Refer to Aide Memoire
PN 907: F.I.R.E Bag
This is where we will use IFCOAT
I - Identify
F - Function
C - Construction
O - Operation
A - Advantages
T - Testing
Must Know:
Total Weight of bag when full
Branch name, flow rates and unique features
Describe ALL contents using IFCOAT
Technical details
* Weight: From 12kg to 16 kg maximum stowed weight.
* Dimensions: 650 x 450 x 350 mm
LFB image id: 1684443
907 Issue date: 10 July 2017 3 of 10
2.8 The F.I.R.E bag contains the following:
* Branch
* Controlled dividing breeching
* Dry riser access hose
* Tool roll (containing the following)
− Dry riser wheel
− Adjustable spanner
− Mole grips
− Tin snips
− Hose becket x 2
− Hose bandage x 2
− Rubber washer x 2
− Door stopper x 2
− Yellow road crayon x 2
− Searched sign x 15
− Hose identification sleeve x 3 (one marked covering jet)
* LFB access keys
* Hose carrying strap x 2 (carried separately, each fitted to a length of 45mm delivery hose
Delta Attack 500 SBC PRO
- Branch weight: 1.7 kg
- Branch dimensions (LxHxW) 344x262x110mm
- Variable flow range @ 6 bar: 230-360-420-500 lpm
- Optimum operating pressure: 6 bar
- Normal operating range: 5 to 8 bar
- Maximum use pressure 16 bar
- Minimum operating pressure 3 bar (recommended, will still function at 1 bar)
- Spray nozzle full Jet throw (at 6 bar) 42 metres (set at 500 lpm)
- Narrow spray jet throw (at 6 bar) 18 meters
- Effective fog stream far point at 6 bar 8 metres
- Maximum throw (body only) at 6 bar 49 metres (flow 787 lpm)
- Aspirator weight: 1.4 kg
- Foam throw with aspirator: 23 metres
- Aspirator foam expansion ratio: up to 12:1
Controlled dividing breaching
2.11 Manufactured from aluminium alloy.
2.12 Fitted with a male instantaneous coupling at the inlet and two female instantaneous couplings at
the outlet, each fitted with a twist release mechanism.
2.13 Each outlet is identified 1 or 2 to make hose line identification easier.
2.14 Fitted with two control levers operating ball valves. Lever in line – valve open, lever at 90°- valve
closed.
LFB image id: 868180
907 Issue date: 10 July 2017 4 of 10
2.15 Technical details
* Make: Angloco
* Weight: 4.7 kg
* Flow: 2110 lpm @ 5 bar
Dry Riser Access hose
* Length: 2 m
* Weight: 3 kg
