High Medieval Years Flashcards
Normandy
An area, now part of France, that was home to the Normans, who were descended from Vikings
Tapestry
A thick, embroidered cloth picture used as a wall hanging
Vassal
One who swears loyalty to a lord
Lord
A feudal superior
Feudal Contract
The Bargain between a lord and his vassal
Anglo-Saxon
The earliest English, a Germanic people
Housecarl
Soldier
Technology
Things humans make to use as tools
Cavalry
Soldiers on Horseback
Lance
A long spear
Impenetrable
Impossible to pass
Propaganda
An effort to spread opinions of beliefs, sometimes by distorting the truth
Audience
A hearing, an interview
Monumental
Very important
Allegiance
Loyalty
Homage
Formal acknowledgment
Contract
A formal agreement
Lord of the manor
The tenant of a noble, who has the inherited right to run a manor and profit from it
Freeholder
A person who owns his or her land
To exploit
To make selfish use of
Self-sufficient
Independent
Thatching
Using special grass to make roofs for buildings
Fletching
Fitting feathers on arrows
Demesne
Lands set aside for the lord of a manor
Bailiff
The person who collected rents and supervised serfs and freeholders on a manor
Fallow
Ploughed and left unseeded
Sustainable
Can keep going, year after year, without deteriorating
Wattle and daub
Woven sticks covered with clay or mud
Vermin
Lice, fleas, and bedbugs
Louse
A small, wingless insect that lives and feeds on mammals, including human beings
Pullet
Young chicken
Green cheese
Unripe cheese
Curds
Cottage cheese
Collop
Slice of meat
Dung
Manure
Drought
A long period without rain
Lammas
August 1, a feast to celebrate the first wheat harvest
Falcon
Bird of prey
Trabadour
A medieval singer who wrote and sang poems about chivalry and love
Obligation
Duty
Ward
An orphan who is put in another person’s care until he or she becomes an adault
Sceptical of
Doubting the truth of
Relic
An Item associated with a saint; thought to have great powers
To excommunicate
To cancel a person’s membership in the Church
Tithe
Money or produce given to the Church worth approximately one-tenth of one’s income
Ecclesiastical
Having to do with the church
Chastity
Virtue; modesty; doing without sex
To prosecute
To present evidence to prove a person’s guilt
To sue
To seek compensation for a personal wrong
Judge
One who hears and decides cases in court
To try
To determine guilt or innocence
Orderal
Dreadful experience
Assault
An attempt to physically harm another person
Treason
Betraying one’s country or ruler
Lenient
Mild, merciful
Meddlesome
interfering
Canonize
To declare that a person is a saint
Shrine
A place of worship
Tall tale
An exaggerated, unlikely story
Imminent
Immediate
Alienated
Turned away
Incumbent
Resting on as a duty
Interdict
An official act of the Catholic Church that keeps a person or group of people from participating in religious ceremonies