Hierarchy of Cognition

Question 1

reversed

Reversibility: an expansion of conservation, leads to increased spatial awareness

Answer 1

Concrete operations, 7 - 11 years

Question 1

reversed

Child uses logical thinking on observed or mentally represented objects, enjoying games with rules which help the child adjust to social demands

Answer 1

Concrete operations, 7 - 11 years

Question 1

reversed

Hypothetical-deductive thinking, the ability to analyze and plan

Answer 1

Formal operations, 11 through teen years

Question 2

reversed

Conservation: the end product of the preoperational period. The child is able to recognize the continuities of an object or class of objects in spite of apparent changes

Answer 2

Preoperational period, 2 - 7 years

Question 3

reversed

Seriation: the relationship of one object or classification of objects to another

Answer 3

Preoperational period, 2 - 7 years

Question 4

reversed

Interventions of new means through mental combinations: the child demonstrates insight and purposeful tool use, and explores problem solving options. The ability to represent concepts without direct manipulation (18 months to 2 years)

Answer 4

Sensorimotor period, Birth - 2 years

Question 5

reversed

Coordination of secondary schemata: voluntary movement in response to stimuli that cannot be seen such as in object permanence, and early development of decentered thought (9 - 12 months)

Answer 5

Sensorimotor period, Birth - 2 years

Question 6

reversed

Secondary circular reactions: voluntary movement patterns emerge due to coordination of vision and hand function, and an early awareness of cause and effect develops (5 - 8 months)

Answer 6

Sensorimotor period, Birth - 2 years

Question 8

reversed

• Two phases: Preconceptual: the child expands vocabulary and symbolic representation ( 2 - 4 years)
• Intuitive thought phase: the child imitates, copies or repeats what is seen or heard and bases conclusions on what the child believes to be true rather than on logic. Inductive reasoning denotes a transition to the next stage (4 - 7 years)

Answer 8

Preoperational period, 2 - 7 years

Question 9

reversed

Reflexive stage: schemes begin in response to reflexes (1 month)

Answer 9

Sensorimotor period, Birth - 2 years

Question 10

reversed

Child uses logic to hypothesize many ways to solve problems, and can draw from past and present experience to imagine what can have an effect on future situations

Answer 10

Formal operations, 11 through teen years

Question 11

reversed

Classification: categorizing objects according to similarities and differences

Answer 11

Preoperational period, 2 - 7 years

Question 12

reversed

Child progresses from dependence on perception, egocentric orientation to logical thought, for solving problems. Child enjoys symbolic play and verbal play.

Answer 12

Preoperational period, 2 - 7 years

Question 14

reversed

Primary circular reactions: child learns about cause and effect as a result of reflexive sensorimotor patterns that are repeated for enjoyment (2 - 4 months)

Answer 14

Sensorimotor period, Birth - 2 years

Question 15

reversed

Rules: as rules are better understood, they are also applied

Answer 15

Concrete operations, 7 - 11 years

Question 16

reversed

Empirical-inductive thinking: the child solves problems with the information that is obvious and present

Answer 16

Concrete operations, 7 - 11 years

Question 17

reversed

Tertiary circular reactions: the child seeks out new schemes, with improved gross and fine motor abilities; tool use begins (12 to 18 months)

Answer 17

Sensorimotor period, Birth - 2 years