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Anatomy > Hi-yield most common > Flashcards

Hi-yield most common Flashcards

0
Q

Most common:

Site of disc herniation

A

L5-S1

-compressing S1 nerve root,
manifesting as dec. ankle jerk and sensation on posterior surface of lower limb and little toe

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1
Q

Most common:

site of spondylolysis

A

L4 or L5

Spondylolysis

  • Scottie dog sign (neck of the dog)
  • pars interarticularis
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2
Q

Most common:

Site of chance fracture (“seatbelt injury”)

A

L2, L3

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3
Q

Most common:
Site of chordomas
(malignant, midline, lobulated, mucoid tumors that arise from remnants of the embryonic notochord)

A

Sacral region

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4
Q

Most common:

Site of aspiration when a person is in a sitting or standing position

A

most commonly enters the right lower lobar bronchusand lodges within the posterior basal bronchopulmonary segment of the right lower lobe

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5
Q

Most common:

Site of aspiration when a person is in a supine position

A

Most commonly enters the right lower lobar bronchusand lodges within the superior bronchopulmonary segment of the right lower lobe

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6
Q

Most common:

Site of aspiration when a person is in lying on his right side

A

most commonly enters the right upper lobar bronchus and lodges within the posterior bronchopulmonary segment of the right upper lobe

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7
Q

Most common:

Site of aspiration when a person is in lying on his left side

A

most commonly enters the left upper lobar bronchus and lodges within the inferior lingular bronchopulmonary segment of the left upper lobe

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8
Q

Most common:

lung cancer in a nonsmoking history

A

Adenocarcinoma

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9
Q

Most common:

Type of lung cancer most closely associated with a smoking history

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

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10
Q

Most common:

lethal genetic disorder among whites

A

Cystic fibrosis

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11
Q

Most common:

congenital B-cell defect

A

Selective IgA deficiency

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12
Q

Most common:

Site of coronary artery occlusion

A

anterior interventricular artery (AIV)

a.k.a left anterior descending (LAD)

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13
Q

SECOND Most common:

Site of coronary artery occlusion

A

right coronary artery (RCA)

and then the left circumflex artery (LCx)

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14
Q

Most common:

site of a ruptured AAA

A

below the renal arteries in the left posterolateral wall (i.e., retroperitoneal)

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15
Q

Most common:

Site of malignant tumors of the esophagus

A

lower one third of the esophagus

and metastasize below the diaphragm to the celiac lymph nodes

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16
Q

Most common:

Site of gastric ulcers

A

body of the stomach along the lesser curvature above the incisura angularis

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17
Q

Most common:

Site of duodenal ulcer

A

anterior wall of the first part of the duodenum (i.e., at the duodenal cap)

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18
Q

Most common:

Site of carcinomas of the stomach

A

pylorus of the stomach

and may metastasize to supraclavicular lymph nodes (Virchow nodes)

19
Q

Most common:

Site of diverticulosis

A

Sigmoid colon

20
Q

Most common:

complication of a splenectomy

A

atelectasis of the left lower lobe of the lung

21
Q

3 Most common:

Sites of kidney stone obstruction (i.e. sites of ureteral constriction)

A
  1. At the ureteropelvic junction
  2. Where the ureters cross the pelvic inlet
  3. At the ureterovesical junction (along the intramural portion of the ureter)
22
Q

Most common:

Type of kidney stones

A

Calcium oxalate calculi

23
Q

SECOND Most common:

Type of kidney stones

A

Magnesium ammonium sulfate (struvite; triple phosphate) calculi

24
Q

Most common:

type of urine leakage injury

A

Type III urethral injury (a.k.a saddle injury)

-anterior urethra (i.e., bulbous urethra) torn below the urogenital diaphragm along with a disruption of the urogenital diaphragm so that the membranous urethra is torn also

25
Q

Most common:

solid tumor in children

A

Neuroblastoma

26
Q

Most common:

Site of ectopic tubal pregnancy

A

Ampulla

27
Q

Most common:

gynecologic cancer in women

A

Endometrial adenocarcinoma

28
Q

Most common:

histologic variant of endometrial adenocarcinoma

A

Pure endometrial adenocarcinoma (composed entirely of glandular cells)

29
Q

Most common:

site of squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix

A

Transformation zone

30
Q

Most common:
site of lymph node spread of cervical cancer
(i.e., sentinel nodes)

A

obturator lymph nodes

31
Q

Most common:

Laterality of Varicocele

A

Left

- due to compression of the left testicular vein by the sigmoid colon

32
Q

Most common:

Site of prostatic carcinoma

A

peripheral zone

which generally involves the posterior lobes

33
Q

Most common:

cause for a subclavian steal syndrome

A

atherosclerosis

34
Q

Most common:

Laterality of subclavian steal

A

left

-more acute origin of the subclavian artery, which results in increased turbulence and accelerated atherosclerosis

35
Q

Most commonly accessed vessels for chronic hemodialysis (i.e. for arteriovenous fistula)

A

radial artery and cephalic vein

36
Q

Most common:

direction of a shoulder dislocation

A

Anterior-inferior dislocation of the humerus

37
Q

Most commonly involved structures in rotator cuff tendinitis

A

tendon of the supraspinatus muscle

and the subacromial bursa

38
Q

Most common:

site of clavicular fracture

A

middle one third of the clavicle

39
Q

Most commonly fractured carpal bone

A

Scaphoid

40
Q

Most common:

Direction of hip joint dislocation

A

posterior direction due to a severe trauma

41
Q

Most commonly injured ligament in an ankle sprain

A

anterior talofibular ligament

-usually due to foot inversion

42
Q

Most common:

location of atherosclerosis in the carotid artery system

A

bifurcation of the common carotid artery

43
Q

Most common:

site of an aneurysm (e.g., congenital Berry aneurysm)

A

Anterior communicating artery

  • 2nd most common: Posterior communicating artery
44
Q

Most common:

Type of glaucoma

A

Open-angle glaucoma

Anatomy (1 decks)

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