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Age of Exploration > hi there > Flashcards

hi there Flashcards

1
Q

What changed in the early 1400s that spurred European Exploration?

A

The renaissance encouraged a new spirit of adventure. As well as the desire to grow rich and spread Christianity.

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2
Q

What was the main reason for European Exploration?

A

To become wealthy

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3
Q

What did goods do traders want from Asia?

A

Luxury items like spices.

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4
Q

Why could merchants charge high prices for these goods?

A

Because no one else could access them.

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5
Q

Explain the trading relationship between Italian and Muslim traders.

A

The Muslims sold the Asian goods to the Italians who then sold it to other merchants.

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6
Q

What motivated England, Spain, Portugal, and France to bypass Italian traders?

A

To seek lower prices.

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7
Q

Why did the desire to spread Christianity motivate Europeans?

A

The crusades had left a feeling of hostility between the Christians and Muslims and the Europeans believed that it was a sacred duty to fight the Muslims but also convert non-Christians.

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8
Q

what year was the Age of Exploration

A

1400-1800

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9
Q

Why spices?

A

Preservation, flavor, medicines, perfumes

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10
Q

What did the Portuguese want from Africans?

A

Gold and ivory

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11
Q

What was the Treaty of Tordesillas?

A

Is a was a treaty which represented an imaginary line between dividing the east and west giving the east lands to Portugal.

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12
Q

How were the people of Asia affected by European contact?

A

The port cities were the only places affected by Europe.

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13
Q

why was Portugal the first to begin exploration?

A

Geographical location (being on the coast of Europe)

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14
Q

where did Portugal begin exploration?

A

the western coast of Africa

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15
Q

where did Portugal want to travel to?

A

east indies

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16
Q

Who was prince henry?

A

Portugese prince, navigator, fouded navigation school

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17
Q

Who was Bartholomeu Dias?

A

explorer who rounded the tip of africa (cape of good hope), mapped out the west coast of Africa

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18
Q

who was Vasco Da Gama?

A

10 month voyage to India, first to reach India, returned with 60 times the cost of the voyage

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19
Q

who was Pedro Cabral?

A

accidentally discovered South America, discovered what is now Brazil, claimed Brazil for Portugal

20
Q

who is amerigo vespucci?

A

took voyages to the new world, wrote letters to describe the geography, he lead to the naming of America (amerigo)

21
Q

Who was vasco de babola?

A

led an expedition to Panama, “discovered” the pacific ocean

22
Q

Who was Ferdinand Magellan?

A

He led an expedition to the Philippines.

23
Q

who funded Columbus’s voyage?

A

Spain

24
Q

what were causes of the other countries not funding Columbus?

A

They weren’t heavily involved with exploration, didn’t need more explorers, mostly the risks outweighed the rewards.

24
Q

What is the Portolan?

A

charts (maps) made by medieval navigators and mathematicians PROBLEM didn’t take into account the curve of the earth

25
Q

What is the astroable

A

brass circle adjusted rings marked off in degrees, perfected by the Muslims, used the stars to calculate latitude

26
Q

What is the magnetic Compass

A

Invented by the Chinese, used to accurately track direction

27
Q

what was the carvel

A

Portuguese ship, had triangular sails to be faster and more powerful against strong winds

28
Q

4 technology advancements

A

The portolan, Astrolabe, magnetic compass, carvel

29
Q

advantages of the Spanish

A

weaponry, horses, immunity

30
Q

capitalism meaning

A

A free market, competition with others

31
Q

Mercantilism meaning

A

country/government controls the market, exporting more than importing

32
Q

Incans…

A

Largest empire, Located in Andean
Mountains (Peru)

33
Q

Aztecs…

A

War-like culture, Ritual sacrifices, Montezuma was emperor

34
Q

Mayans…

A

Longest-lasting continuous empire, Located in Yucatan Peninsula, Single most-studied group by archeologists, Art, architecture, mathematics, astronomy, agriculture, and writing, Wrote all accomplishments in codices

35
Q

encomienda system

A

when the Spanish made the people do work for them (slavery with no lable)

36
Q

who was Hernán Cortés

A

SAILED FOR SPAIN, LED 600 MEN TO TENOCHTITLAN, 1521 destroyed the capital or Tenochtitlan

37
Q

The middle passage

A

The journey the slaves had to take from Africa to the Americas

38
Q

what 3 countries were involved in the triangular trade

A

America, Africa, Europe

39
Q

Africa sent ____ America, America sent ____ to Europe, Europe sent, ____ to Africa

A

Slaves, Raw materials, Manufactured goods

40
Q

conditions on the slave ships

A

the ships were cramped, smelly, disease filled, and overall miserable.

41
Q

what were Indentured servants

A

poor whites, get paid to come work on land to repay the costs it took to be sent to America

42
Q

what was the problem with indentured servants

A

ran out of land, workload outweighed the people

43
Q

what is the Colombian exchange?

A

the global exchange of goods, ideas, plants and animals that began with Columbus’ exploration to the Americas

44
Q

more food means

A

more people (well balanced diet)

45
Q

what was brought from Europe to America?

A

disease, livestock, grains, peaches, olives, citrus fruits (more)

46
Q

what was brought from America to Europe?

A

vanilla, corn, tomatoes, potatoes, peppers

Age of Exploration (2 decks)

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