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1
Q

What does the word ‘Psychology’ mean?

A

Derived from Greek words ‘Psyche’ (soul) and ‘Logos’ (science), it means ‘science of soul’.

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2
Q

How did ancient Greek philosophers define Psychology?

A

As the science of the soul, studied as a branch of Philosophy.

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3
Q

Who defined Psychology as the science of the mind?

A

Emmanuel Kant.

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4
Q

What is the modern definition of Psychology?

A

Defined as the ‘Science of Consciousness’.

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5
Q

Who popularized the term behaviour in psychology?

A

J.B. Watson.

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6
Q

How does B.F. Skinner define Psychology?

A

As the science of behaviour and experience.

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7
Q

What is Educational Psychology?

A

The study of the behaviour of the learner in relation to education.

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8
Q

What does Educational Psychology aim to improve?

A

The process and products of education, enabling effective teaching and learning.

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9
Q

What is the scientific study of human behaviour in education referred to as?

A

Educational Psychology.

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10
Q

Who defined Educational Psychology as the branch dealing with teaching and learning?

A

C.E. Skinner.

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11
Q

What is the difference between education and schooling?

A

Education encompasses formal and informal knowledge acquisition, while schooling refers specifically to formal education in schools.

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12
Q

What are the general objectives of Educational Psychology?

A
  • Provide a body of facts and methods for solving teaching problems
  • Develop a scientific and problem-solving attitude
  • Train in thinking psychologically about educational problems
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13
Q

What does Educational Psychology study regarding human behaviour?

A

In the educational context, focusing on modification of behaviour.

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14
Q

What is the role of Educational Psychology in understanding the learner?

A

It helps in understanding innate abilities, individual differences, and the learner’s growth.

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15
Q

What are the stages of development according to educational psychology?

A
  • Infancy
  • Childhood
  • Adolescence
  • Adulthood
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16
Q

True or False: Educational Psychology is a normative science.

A

False, it is a positive science.

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17
Q

What methods does Educational Psychology employ for studying behaviour?

A
  • Observation
  • Experimentation
  • Clinical investigation
  • Generalization
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18
Q

What is the significance of evaluation in the learning process?

A

It provides knowledge of results that helps learners and teachers to modify or correct themselves.

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19
Q

What does Educational Psychology help teachers understand about individual differences?

A

It informs about varying levels of intelligence, aptitudes, and other characteristics among students.

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20
Q

What is the relevance of Educational Psychology for teachers?

A
  • Understanding stages of development
  • Knowing the learner
  • Understanding classroom learning
  • Solving classroom problems
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21
Q

Fill in the blank: Educational Psychology is primarily concerned with understanding the processes of ________ and ________.

A

[teaching], [learning]

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22
Q

What does the study of Educational Psychology cover?

A
  • Learning theories
  • Teaching methods
  • Motivation
  • Cognitive development
  • Emotional development
  • Moral development
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23
Q

What does educational psychology help teachers understand about individual differences among students?

A

It informs teachers about the variations in intelligence, aptitudes, likes, dislikes, and other potentialities among students.

This includes recognizing gifted, backward, and physically or mentally challenged children.

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24
Q

What classroom problems can educational psychology help address?

A

Truancy, bullying, peer pressure, ethnic tensions, cheating in tests, etc.

Educational psychology studies the characteristics of problem children and group dynamics.

25
How does educational psychology contribute to the development of teaching skills?
It helps teachers acquire necessary qualities and skills to deal with student problems and maintain a healthy classroom atmosphere.
26
What methods does educational psychology suggest for effective teaching?
It introduces new approaches, principles, methods, and techniques that enhance the teaching-learning process.
27
How does educational psychology explain the influence of heredity and environment on a child?
It shows that a child is a product of both heredity and environment, which together contribute to their all-round development.
28
What insights does educational psychology provide regarding a child's mental health?
It identifies factors responsible for mental ill-health and maladjustment, providing suggestions for improvement.
29
What role does educational psychology play in curriculum construction?
It assists in creating a child-centered curriculum that meets the psychological needs of students at different developmental stages.
30
Why is guidance and counseling important in education according to educational psychology?
Because psychological abilities, interests, and learning styles differ among students, requiring tailored guidance.
31
What is the significance of evaluation and assessment in educational psychology?
Evaluation techniques developed through educational psychology are essential for testing a child's potentialities.
32
What shift has educational psychology made in approaches to discipline?
It has replaced repressive systems with preventive systems, emphasizing self-discipline through constructive activities.
33
How does educational psychology contribute to the professional growth of teachers?
It fosters proper conditioning of pupils and encourages innovations in education, leading to professional development.
34
What methods are commonly used in educational psychology research?
Observation, introspection, experimental method, and case history method.
35
What is the introspection method in educational psychology?
A self-observation method where individuals reflect on their internal experiences and feelings.
36
What is the observation method in educational psychology?
A method where a learner's behavior is observed in natural conditions by others, interpreting external behaviors.
37
What does the experimental method in educational psychology entail?
Observing and recording behavior under controlled conditions to establish cause and effect relationships.
38
What is the purpose of the case history method?
To collect detailed information about an individual's past experiences for diagnosis and treatment, especially in cases of disorders.
39
How are education and psychology related?
Education modifies behavior in a desirable direction, while psychology studies behavior, making them logically connected.
40
What shift has occurred in modern education compared to traditional education?
Modern education has shifted from being subject-centered and teacher-dominated to child-centered and learner-centered.
41
Which educators emphasized the importance of psychology in education?
Pestalozzi, Montessori, and Froebel. ## Footnote They advocated for education based on psychological principles.
42
What historical milestone marked the establishment of psychology as a scientific discipline?
Wilhelm Wundt established the first psychological laboratory at Leipzig in Germany in 1879.
43
Who contributed significantly to the field of educational psychology in the early 19th century?
Pestalozzi, who emphasized education as a process of drawing out the functional mind of the individual.
44
What was Edward L. Thorndike's contribution to educational psychology?
He formulated the 'laws of learning' and published works that laid the foundation for educational psychology as a discipline.
45
What does the Journal of Educational Psychology focus on?
It publishes experimental research on various psychological issues related to education.
46
What are the two strategies employed in educational psychology research?
Direct experimental investigation of learning and distilling educational proceedings from psychological research.
47
What is the primary aim of educational psychology?
To apply psychological concepts and principles to improve educational practice.
48
What is the primary task of educational psychology?
To study the learner in a learning situation ## Footnote This encompasses understanding how learners engage in teaching-learning conditions, particularly in schools.
49
What is the first learning situation a child typically encounters outside the family?
School ## Footnote This setting is oriented towards teaching-learning conditions and requires the application of psychological principles by teachers.
50
What is required for a more practical-oriented strategy in education?
Synthesize the learner, teacher, instructional techniques, and educational managers ## Footnote This synthesis should aim to produce qualified students who meet current demands.
51
How does decision-making relate to knowledge?
It requires possessing knowledge and using it to solve problems ## Footnote The process involves perceiving, thinking, and evaluating.
52
During which years is possession and utilization of knowledge typically learned?
Developmental years of children ## Footnote This learning occurs through interactions with various figures, including parents and teachers.
53
What impact does interaction with teachers have on lifelong learning?
It is significant, even if exposure to school is brief ## Footnote This is particularly relevant given the dropout rates at school levels.
54
How has the involvement of young people with teachers and schools changed in developing countries?
It has certainly increased ## Footnote This trend is supported by survey reports from governmental levels over the last two decades.
55
Who influences the future experiences of children more than any other professional group?
Teachers ## Footnote Teachers play a crucial role in shaping educational outcomes and experiences.
56
What determines how children will learn to solve problems?
The way knowledge is presented ## Footnote This includes teaching methods, attitudes, values, and classroom behaviors.
57
According to Lindgren (1980), what does the 'how' of teaching include?
Teaching methods, teachers’ attitudes and values, and classroom behaviors ## Footnote These factors collectively influence the learning process.
58
In what ways do teachers serve as models for their students?
Through their way of thinking, behaving, attitudes, advice, and manner ## Footnote Students often imitate these aspects in the process of acquiring and imparting knowledge.
59
Why is it necessary for teachers to understand their personal psychology?
To understand the psychology of their students ## Footnote This awareness enhances their effectiveness and influence in the classroom.

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