HGAP Unit 6 Flashcards
Segregation
Citys, urban, and Sub-Urban areas are separated by Culture, Race, or any attribute abnormal from the majority.
Redlining
The practice of refusing loans to a segregated group of people in a certain area due to a perceived financial risk, this is now illegal.
Gentrification
The process of when wealthy residents within a city remodel a building in a poor area then reselling it, increases infrastructure, driving in more business, typically interrupting ADLs
Blockbusting
The illegal practice of scaring homeowners to sell their homes at a lower retail price from an ethnic or social group moving in.
Site
The exact location of a thing
Situation
The location of a thing relative to the things around it
Ecumene
An area inhabited by humans usually as a permanent home
Similarities in cities
- Ginormous
- Crowded
- Complex
- Tall central hub
Differences in cities
- Situation
- Infrastructure
- Site
Megacities
A city with a population of ten million or more EX: New, York / Los, Angeles
Metacities
A city with a population of twenty million or more
EX: Mexico city, Tokyo
Megacity peripheries
Nigeria
Urban sprawl
The unrestricted growth of urban areas
Suburbanization
The growth of a city outside an urban area
Boom bursts
The rapidly growing (double-digit growth) suburban cities with a population greater than one hundred thousand that develop along interstate beltways/highways.
Exurbs
Prosperous residential areas existing beyond the suburbs
Edge cities
An urban area with large suburban residents and businesses surrounding it
CBD
The commercial hub of a city where land is expensive due to its high population density, its historical value, and its work building skyscrapers.
Central place theory
Made by Christaller in 1930, Central place theory seeks to explain the most profitable location for commerce and does so by assuming the land is flat and taking into account number, size, and range of market services
Threshold
The minimum amount of people needed to run a buissnes
Range
How far people are willing to go to use the services of a business or market
Rank-size rule
A formula that most countries follow that shows the biggest city being double the size of the second, triple the third, quadruple the fourth, etc
Primate cities
Cities that don’t follow the rank-size rule but are instead much bigger than the second biggest ex: Mexico City
Gravity model
A model explaining the level of influence between two cities is a function of their size distance and other cities
Hoteling model of spatial competition
The socially optimal solution or S.O.S. is when the range of two businesses is equally distributed among a community giving the public comfort in distance to product and equal profits for sed businesses
Nash equilibrium
The competitive economical optimal solution; occurs when the distance from business is meant to purposefully take advantage of a profitable area that when not occupied is a loss of profits if others do.
New urbanism
A planning and development approach based on the principles of how cities and towns had been built for the last several centuries
Green belt
A natural undeveloped space of land near an urban area
Smart growth
Policies that preserve the natural land
Walkability
An attribute desctibing to what degree a developed area can be traveled effectively on foot service to service
Transport Oriented-Development
Development revolving around a mass transportation system built to relieve congestion and maximise space efficiency
Slow Growth cities
Purposefully planning a city so it may grow slower to avoid urban sprawl, increasing the time available to make changes to the current economic situation.
Positives of SGCs
- Ease of access
- Increased sense of community
- Increased walkability
- Decreased pollution
- Revitalization of landscapes
- The curb of urban sprawl and inefficiency
- Increased estate value
criticisms of Urban design initiatives
- High housing prices
- Segregated cities
- Commute (strain on infrastructure)
- Placelesnes
Qualitative data
Data descriptors using non-exact recordings or question airs requiring personalized answers
Quantitative data
Data descriptors using only exact recordings of questions only requiring exact recordings of values
