Hexapoda Flashcards
Phylum hexapods fall into?
Arthropoda
How many insects for every one human
200 million insects
hexapoda are named for their six legs, which are all _____
uniramous
Insects have how many tagmata
three - head, thorax, abdomen
appendages are found on what tagmata(s)
head and thorax - abdominal appendages greatly reduced or totally absent
Entognatha
class within Hexapoda that has mouthparts protected by capsule
Insecta (in terms of mouthparts)
mouthparts are not protected by capusle
Winged insects
Pterogotes
Wingless insects
Apterogotes
How many insect species are described and how many are estimated to exist
1 million species described, 30 million undescribed
how do insects prevent water loss in dry desert environment
exoskeleton prevents water loss
plates of insect exoskeleton are called. Location. Function
sclerites. Side, ventral, dorsal. Serve as surfaces for muscle attachment
head of insect usually has
pair of large compound eyes, pair of antennae, and three ocelli
subsegments of thorax. What are found here
prothorax, mesothorax, and metathorax. Each section has a pair of legs
Where are wings found on insect thorax
on mesothorax and metathorax - 1 pair in meso and 1 pair in meta (2 pairs of wings)
how many segments does insect abdomen have
9 to 11
what are insect wings
outgrowths of cuticle from the mesothoracic and metathoracic segments
Diptera (true flies) have 1 pair of wings and 1 pair of what with what function
tiny hind wings called halteres - provide balance during flight
direct flight muscles vs. indirect flight muscles
direct - attach to wing directly
indirect - alter shape of thorax to cause wing movement
3 main portions of insect gut
foregut, midgut, and hindgut
sections of foregut
mouth, esophagus, crop, and gizzard
crop
holds/accumulates food in insect gut
gizzard (what gut section is it found in)
muscular stomach that grinds food. In foregut
T/F some absorption happens in crop
FALSE - no absorption happens but some digestion from salivary enzymes
