HETEROPHORIA Flashcards
Characteristics of Exophoria
Outward deviation
Exophthalmos
Wide PD
EOM anomalies
Acquired myopia
Esophoria
Inward deviation
Enophthalmos
Narrow PD
Hyperopia
High AC/A ratio
Characterized by divergence insufficiency, convergence excess, and basic esophoria.
Esophoria
Characterized by divergence excess and convergence insufficiency.
Exophoria
Characteristics of good compensation
Rapid recovery of binocular single vision
Well maintained near point of convergence
Accommodation
Stereo acuity
Characteristics of poor compensation
Slow recovery of binocular single vision
Worse than 40 seconds of an arc
Low AC/A
Divergence insufficiency
Convergence insufficiency
High AC/A
Divergence excess
Convergence excess
Symptoms include headache, eyestrain, blurry vision, sleepiness, diplopia, difficulty concentrating, loss of comprehension, pulling sensation around the eyes, and movement of print.
Convergence insufficiency
Signs of convergence insufficiency
Low AC/A
Low NPC
Greater exo
Reduced positive fusional reserve
Reduced verge facility
Symptoms are intermittent diplopia at distance, headache, eye pain, diziness, nausea, blurred vision, difficulty focusing from far to near, photophobia.
Divergence insufficiency
Signs of divergence insufficiency
High eso at far
Low AC/A
No significant EOR
Commitant deviation
This is the most common which has a characteristic of eso at near.
Convergence excess
Signs of convergence excess
High eso at near
High AC/A
Moderate hyperopia
Reduced NPA
Low PRA
Failed facility with -2.00
What is the management for convergence excess?
Correction of EOR
Plus added lens
