Heterogeneous Materials Flashcards
What is a heterogeneous substance?
A substance with regions of differing properties
What are three properties of heterogeneous substances?
- Lack of uniform composition
- An absence of definite proportions
- Components which can be separated by physical means
What are 2 examples of heterogeneous substances?
- Mixtures
- Colloids
Define mixture
A mixture is a heterogeneous combination of two or more substances that retain their individual properties and can be separated into individual components by physical means
What are three methods of separating the components of a mixture?
- Distillation
- Filtration
- Chromatography
What is the most effective method for separating components in a solution?
Distillation
Where can you use chromatography?
The method can be used to separate the components of gas mixtures based on their attraction to another substance.
How is chromatography possible?
Because different substances are attracted to other substances at different rates
Define colloid
A colloid is a heterogeneous mixture in which particles of one substance are suspended in another substance
In what 2 ways do colloids differ from solutions?
- The particles in a colloid are large enough to cause light dispersion while the particles in a solution are not
- The particles in a solution will remain in the solution, while if given enough time, the particles in a colloid will settle out.
What happens during fractional distillation?
A solution is heated, and its components are drawn off as they reach their different boiling points and evaporate.
Why does fractional distillation work?
Because various liquids have different boiling points
