Heston step 1 part 2

Question 1

what effect does valproate have on a pregnancy?

Answer 1

valproate is a medication that impairs folate metabolism. (used for bipolar disorder) folate deficiency leads to failure of neural tube closure causing anencephaly ( opened head upon arrival of baby)

Question 2

fever, headaches, nausea, vomiting, elevated leukocytes. what would be the primary antigenic component of a vaccine against Nisseria meningitis?

Answer 2

antibodies against polysaccharide capsule

Question 3

pregnancies with a mother being treated for arthritis with drugs such as (methotrexate) had what congenital consequence?

Answer 3

defects in the neural tube cells, stem cells and hepatic cells because it inhibits dihydrofolate reductase which produces nucleic acid

Question 4

what is the source of pulmonary surfactant

Answer 4

type 2 pneumocystis and have the ability to proliferate in response to injury