HESI: Math Flashcards
integers
the set of whole (+) and (-) #s, INCLUDING 0.
-do not include fractions, decimals, or mixed numbers
prime number
a whole # greater than 1 that has only 2 factors (itself & 1)
-meaning, a number that can be divided evenly only by 1 and itself
composite number
a whole # greater than 1 that has more than 2 different factors
- meaning, any whole # that’s NOT a prime number
ex) composite number 8 has the factors (1,2,4,8)
even number
any integer that can be divided by 2 w/o leaving a remainder
ex) 2, 4, 6, 8, etc
odd number
any integer that cannot be divided evenly by 2
ex) 3, 5, 7, 9, etc
decimal number
a number that uses a decimal point to show the part of the number thats less than 1
ex) 1.234
decimal point
a symbol used to separate the ones place from the tenths place in decimals or dollars from cents in currency
decimal place
the position of a number to the R of the decimal point
IN the decimal 0.123:
- the 1 is in the 1st place to the R of the decimal point, indicating tenths place
- the 2 is in the 2nd place, indicating hundredths
- the 3 is in the 3rd place, indicating thousandths
decimal (base 10, system)
number system that uses 10 diff digits (0-9)
-an example of a number system that uses something other than 10 digits is the binary or base 2, number system, used by computers (only uses numbers 0 & 1)
write 0.24 as a fraction
24/100 = 6/25
write the place value of each digit:
14, 059. 826
1; ten thousands 4; thousands 0; hundreds 5; tens 9; ones 8; tenths 2; hundredths 6; thousandths
write each decimal in words: A. 0.06 B. 0.6 C. 6.0 D. 0.009 E. 0.113 F. 0.901
A. 0.06 (six hundredths) B. 0.6 (six tenths) C. 6.0 (six) D. 0.009 (nine thousandths) E. 0.113 (one hundred thirteen thousandths) F. 0.901 (nine hundred one thousandths)
factors (of a given #)
all of the #s that can be divided evenly into the given #
ex) 12 has six factors: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12
prime number
has only 2 (1 & itself)
common factor
a factor that is shared by 2+ different #s
- the factors of 12 are (1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12)
- the factors of 15 are (1, 3, 5, 15).
- The common factor of 12 & 15 = 1 & 3
prime factor
a factor that is also a prime number
- prime factors of 12: (2, 3)
- prime factors of 15: (3, 5)
multiple (of a given #)
a multiple (of a given #) is a # that can be obtained by multiplying that given # by a (+) integer
- multiples of 3: (3, 6, 9, 12, 15)
- multiples of 7: (7, 14, 21, 28, 35)
prime factorization
-refers to the process of recording all prime factors of a given #.
-prime factorization is used to find quantities such as the LCM and the GCF
(A factor is recorded as many times as it is used)
- prime factorization of 60: (2 x 2 x 3 x 5)
- prime factorization of 72: (2 x 2 x 2 x 3 x 3)
greatest common factor (GCF)
GCF of 2 #s is the largest # that is a factor of BOTH numbers
- refer to the prime factorization of 60 & 72
- prime factorization of 60: (2 x 2 x 3 x 5)
- prime factorization of 72: (2 x 2 x 2 x 3 x 3) - to find the GCF of 60 & 72: find which #s appear in both prime factorizations
- GCF of 60 & 72: (2 x 2 x 3 = 12)
least common multiple (LCM)
LCM of 2 numbers is the smallest number thats a multiple of both numbers
- refer to the prime factorization of 60 & 72
- prime factorization of 60: (2 x 2 x 3 x 5)
- prime factorization of 72: (2 x 2 x 2 x 3 x 3) - to find the LCM of 60 & 72: find which #s appear in both prime factorizations
- LCM of 60 & 72: (2 x 2 x 3) x (2 x 3 x 5) = 12 x 30 = 360
GCF & LCM rules
For 2 numbers a & b where (a < b):
- GCF of a & b must be LESS than or equal to a
- LCM of a & b must be GREATER than or equal to b
