hesi Flashcards
what is metabolism
the process by which organisms use energy
what is not true about cells
they are not eukarotes
what is the teo types of cellular transport
Active and passive
Aerobic
the presence of oxygen
when both parents give offspring the same allele, the offspring is
Homozygous
Genetic is the study of
Heredity
scientist suggest that evolution has occurred through what process
Natural selection
list the cellular hierarchy from simple to complex
Cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
If a cell is hypertonic solution
It will shrink
what is the longest phase of the cell cycle
interphase
non communicable disease is
Arthritis
all living organism on earth utilize
a triple genetic code
not a nitrogenous base found in DNA
Uracil
list the hierarchic system
Kingdom, phylum class, order, family, genus, species
After observing what happens next
hypothesis
list it the scientific method
observation, research, hypothesis, experiment, data, analysis, conclude
a molecule of water is bonded with another molecule of water by what bond
hydrogen
most important molecules
carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids
liqids are better known as fats what are they known as
fatty acids, phospholipids and steroids
two categories of fatty acids
saturated fats and unstaurated
what is the sum of all chemical reactions that occur in an organism
metabolism
the reaction takes place in a series of steps called
metabolic pathways
fundamental unit of biology
cell
what type of cell contains no defined nucleus
prokaryotic cell
primary purpose of the flagella on the surface of cell
movement of the cell
cell organelle functions to transport materials from endoplasmic reticulum throughout the cell
Gologi apparatus
distinct organelles that produces cell energy
mitochondrion and chloroplast
how do phospholipids function
they are intregal components of the plasma
what is the protection, communication and passage of the substance into and out of the cell
cell membrane
most significant contributor to cellular function
proteins
proteins are polymers of which
Amino acids
proteins catalyze different reactions or processes
Enzyme
molecules of inheritance
Nucleic Acids
the cell membrane is
selectively permeable
two catabolic pathways that lead to cellular energy production
Fermentation and cellular respiration
what is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats
unsaturated fats contain one of more double bonds in their hydrocarbon trails, while saturated fats contain no double bonds
which step is cellular respiration takes place in the mitochondria of the cell and produces two ATP molecules, six carbon dioxide molecules and six NADH molecules for every molecule of glucose
kerb cycle
which organelle is responsible for storing, modifying and sending out products of the endoplasmic reticulum such as proteins
Golgi apparatus
which phase is the chromosomes duplicated and the cel prepares for division
interphase
characteristics of water
the benefits of polarity are hydrogen bonding, a high specific heat value strong cohesive and adhesive properties and its versatility as a solvent
what is the role of water in photosynthesis
supply electrons in the light reaction
true or false. the net effecting of photosynthesis, chemically, is reducing, leading to the formation of simple carbohydrates and accompanies by a release of oxygen
True
DNA exists in the form of ____ strands of DNA coiled about each other
Double
what is the first step in the conversion of glucose to pyruvate
Glycolysis
During cell respiration, the conversion of glucose results in an overall production of how many ATP molecules
32-36
which step in cellular respiration yields the greatest amount of ATP
electron transport chain
what is the fuction of water in photosynthesis
supple electrons in the light reactions
Cells reproduce by different processes, all of which fall into what two categories
Asexual reproduction and mitosis
which of the following describes how a bacterium reproduces
Binary fission
Regarding mitosis and cytokinesis, one difference between higher plants and animals is that in plants
A cell plate begins to form at telophase, whereas in animals a cleavage furrow is initiated at that stage
during which phase of the cell reproduction does the cell divide forming two separate identical cell
cytokinesis
how does meiosis differ from mitosis
in meiosis, each of the daughter cell contain half as many chromosomes as the parent
at what phase of meiosis does crossing over occur
phase 1
a cell division occurs in a human. the resulting cells contain 23 chromosomes. this is a description of gametes formed by process
Meiosis
which organelle is responsible for generating ATP that is used for chemical energy
mitochondria
what happens in a hypotonic solutions
Swell
The movement of a substance across a cell membrane from low to high concentration is known as
diffusion
during what stage of mitosis does the single cell split into two separate daughter cell
Anaphase
Bacteria that need oxygen to survive are called
Aerobic
Meiosis produces germ cells and mitosis produces
somatic
what is used to describe the appearance of the organism
Phenotype
why is DNA important for metabolic activities of the cell
It controls the synthesis of enzymes
During protein synthesis which process uses an RNA strand to produce a complementary strand of DNA
transcription
