HES Flashcards
What does the term eugenics mean?
“the application of biological priciples to upgrade the physical and mental strength of the nation”
first proposed by Charles Darwin
what do the terms idiot, imbecilic, feeble minded and moral imbecile mean?
Idiot: someone who is unable to guard themselves against common physical dangers
Imbecilic: someone unable to be able to be taught to manage own affairs
Feeble minded: someone requiring care and supervision for own safety
Moral imbecile: someone who was not mentally defective
what are the 4 eugenic strategies to prevent degradation of society?
sterilisation
marital regulation
birth control
segregation of the unfit
What is the tragic/charity model of disability?
depicts people as victims of their circumstances
typically used to raise money for charities
criticised for making disabled people as icons of pity rather than empowering them
What is the medical model of disability?
That disability results from an individuals limitations both physical and mental
It is not associated with geographical environments
what is the social model for disability?
Disability is a consequence of environmental, social and attitudinal factors
Argues that disability stems from a failure of society to adjust to the needs of disabled people
what is and adv and disadv of the social model for disability?
adv: focuses on society not the individual
disadv: aging population results in more disabled people so its harder for society to adjust
what is the social adapted model (biopsychosocial) for disability?
based on the social model but incorporates the medical model
it identifies the significance of evironment on disability and does not focus on individual limitations
what does ICF stand for in terms of disability?
international classification of functioning disability and health
it embodies the biopsychosocial model
what is disability discrimination law?
makes it unlawful to discriminate against due to disability in:
- employment
- trade unions
- access to goods, facilities and services
- the buying or renting of property
- education
what is the single equality act 2010?
protects 9 characteristics of life:
- age
- disability
- gender reassignment
- marriage
- pregnancy
- race
- religion
- sex
- sexual orientation
What are the four key points of the who definition of mental retardation?
- general impairment of intellectual functioning
- consequences of severe impairment of intellectual functioning
- onset before physical maturity
- excludes people who develop cognitive impairments in adult life
What are the ways mental capacity can be measured? And associated problems
Iq tests: developed to identify children who need special educational help
Adaptive behaviour scales: measure skills in daily living by checklists, interviews etc. Generates a series of rating scales rather than scores
Problem with IQ: measure a narrow range of skills and people with LD may have an unbalanced range of skills
Problem with AB: ignore extent of support from carer, core skills vary over time
What are likely causes in recent increases in learning disabilities?
Limited impact of preventative measure
Increasing number of premature babies surviving
Increasing number of children with severe LD surviving into adulthood
Greater life expectancy of adults with LD
What is universalism in terms of disability?
The idea that all human life is worth, it is expressed in the declaration of rights
