Herpes simplex virus Flashcards
Herpes simple virus (HSV) an be grouped into HSV-1 and HSV-2. Although there is a lot of overlap, typically which of these infects the genitals?
- HSV-2
- HSV-1 infects above the waist (mouth and tongue), but there is a lot of overlap between the 2
Which of the following is the most common cause of genital ulceration worldwide?
1 - chlamydia
2 - HSV-1 and 2
3 - gonorrhoea
4 - syphilis
2 - HSV-1 and 2
HSV is a member of the herpes virus family. Which of the following is NOT part of the herpes family virus?
1 - HSV1 and 2
2 - Human immunodeficiency virus
3 - Cytomegalovirus
4 - Varicella Zoster Virus
5 - Ebstein Barr Virus
6 - Human Herpes Virus-8
2 - Human immunodeficiency virus
- HSV1 and 2 = oral-genital ulceration
- Cytomegalovirus = hepatitis, retinitis, encephalitis, enteritis
- Varicella Zoster Virus = Chicken pox, shingles
- Ebstein Barr Virus = Glandular Fever
- Human Herpes Virus-8 = Kaposi Sarcoma
Which of the following does HSV-1 and 2 contain?
1 - enveloped double stranded DNA virus
2 - enveloped single stranded DNA virus
3 - non-enveloped double stranded RNA virus
4 - non-enveloped single stranded DNA virus
1 - enveloped double stranded DNA virus
How is HSV typically transmitted?
1 - air droplets
2 - contaminated food
3 - contact with the virus in sores, saliva or surfaces in or around the mouth
4 - contaminated water
3 - contact with the virus in sores, saliva or surfaces in or around the mouth
When infected patients can present immediately with symptoms. Which of the following is typically NOT an immediate sign of infection?
1 - severe gingivostomatitis (infected mouth)
2 - cold sores
3 - infection of trigeminal and sacral ganglion
4 - painful genital ulceration
3 - infection of trigeminal and sacral ganglion
- forms part of latent infection
- trigeminal ganglion is for the face
- sacral ganglion is for the genitailia
Are the genital ulcers present in HSV infection painful of painless?
- Painful
Painful = HSV and Chancroid
Painless = Syphilis and lymphogranuloma venereum
If a patient is infected with HSV-1 or 2, this can cause fever and enlarged lymph nodes. This can also cause lesions in which of the following?
1 - palate
2 - tongue
3 - lips
4 - gums
5 - facial area
6 - all of the above
6 - all of the above
- lesions present as clusters of small, painful and fluid filled blisters
- blisters typically heal over a few weeks
If the female genitals are infected, which of the following do the lesions NOT typically form?
1 - labia minor and majora
2 - mons pubis
3 - vaginal mucosa
4 - cervix
5 - clitoris
5 - clitoris
- can also form in the perianal region
If the male genitals are infected, where do the lesions typically form?
1 - epididymis
2 - scrotum
3 - prostate
4 - shaft of the penis
4 - shaft of the penis
- can also form in the perianal region
- these are painful lesions
If the finger becomes infected this can cause what?
1 - koilonychia
2 - clubbing
3 - leukonychia
4 - herpetic whitlow
4 - herpetic whitlow
- recurrent painful HSV on fingers
- can easily be spread to other areas
If the eye becomes infected this can cause what?
1 - conjunctivitis
2 - dendritic ulcer of the eye
3 - blepharitis
4 - uveitis
2 - dendritic ulcer of the eye
- if untreated it can cause scarring of the cornea
If the brain becomes infected this can cause what?
1 - meningitis
2 - hydrocephalus
3 - encephalitis
4 - all of the above
4 - all of the above
- typically caused by HSV-1
Symptoms:
- Fever (90%)
- Headache (81%)
- Psychiatric symptoms (71%)
- Seizures (67%)
If a patient has suspected meningitis or encephalitis, all of the following are common presentations, EXCEPT which one?
1 - Fever
2 - Headache
3 - Epistaxis
4 - Psychiatric symptoms
5 - Seizures
3 - Epistaxis
HSV can cause both meningitis and encephalitis, but which is more commonly due to HSV infection?
- meningitis
BUT encephalitis is typically more severe with a mortality of 70%
