Hermeneutics MidTerm Exam!! Flashcards
syntax -
Part of grammar that focuses on sentence structure and word order.(Example, how clauses function and relate to one another)
connotative -
The associations, emotions, and implications that a word may have beyond its literal interpretation
translation -
writing the meaning of a word, phrase, or clause in another language
denotative -
Literal interpretation of a word.
clause
part of a sentence that contains a subject and verb
interjection
a word or phrase that adds sudden feeling and/or emotion into the sentence which adds emphasis into the text
finite verb
main verb that agrees with the subject
historiogrophy
the study of how history is written and interpreted
effective history
history of interpretations that affect later readers
hapax legomena -
a word or phrase that appears only once within the hebrew bible, authors writing, or time era
transliteration -
the conversion of a word or phrase into another language in temrs of its pronunciation
nominal clause -
a group of words that function as the noun within the sentence
phrase -
a group of words that work together as a unit but do not have a subject and a verb
intransitive verb -
a verb that does not require a direct object
noun -
a word that names a person, place, thing, or idea
transitive verb -
a verb that requires a direct object
grammar -
the study of a languages structure and system
semantic usage -
how words or phrases are employed in everyday conversation and within a specific context
Semantic domain -
an interconnected unit/grouping of words based on an underlying semantic principle
Semantic range -
The various meanings, usages, and interpretations that a paticular word, phrase, or linguistic unit can have within a particular language.
coordinating conjunction -
words that connect words eqaul clauses and/or phrases together(phrases with phrases, similar words with words)
verb -
word that expresses action or state of being
subbordinating conjunction -
connects an independent clause with one or more dependent clauses
predicate nominative -
a noun or pronoun that names/identifies the subject of the sentence
predicate adjective -
adjective that modifies or describes the subject of the sentence
predicate -
declares what a subject does in a clause
linking verb -
a verb that connects the subject of a sentence with a word or phrase that describes or renames the subject(she is happy)
etymology -
the study of words through linguistic history
determinite meaning -
the nearly objective meaning that can be gained through textual evidence
concordance
shows where the word appears, and the context it is used
lexicon
tells what the word means
morpheme -
the meaningful sub-parts of a word
conjunction -
a word used to join words or groups of words
direct object -
receives the action of the verb directly
indirect object -
receives the direct object or benefits from the action in some way
subject -
the person, thing, or idea that the sentence is about…..the one doing the main verb
verbal clause
a group of words in a sentence that contain a verb but does not function as a verb(Running helps me stay healthy)
verbal tense
the form of a verb that indicates when an action happens(I eat, I ate, I will eat)
infinitive
the base form of a verb, usually preceded by the word “to.”(to swim)
particle
a small word that doesn’t fit into the usual categories of nouns, verbs, adjectives, or adverbs. Instead, it helps modify or add meaning to other words in a sentence (turn ON, give UP)
object compliment -
a word or phrase that follows and describes or renames the direct object of a verb(the word president in the phrase “They elected her president,”)
semantics
the study of word meaning
primary usage
the most common way a word is used
phoneme
units of sounds that define and distinguish word meanings
phonology
study of the structure of sound units within a word and language
morphology
study of the meaningful subunits of words and how they form words(“un” in unhappy)
synonym
a word that shares semantic overlap/meaning with another word(big and large)
partial synonym -
a word that shares some similarities in meaning with another word, but they may not be entirely interchangeable in every situation(big and huge)
Figurative meaning of a term
The non-literal, metaphorical meaning of a term
literal meaning of a term
what the word refers to or names in reality without referring to metaphorical or figurative senses
Indeterminate meaning
The precise meaning cannot be know by the textual evidence
linguistics -
the broader study of language as a whole, including its structure, development, and use in society.
inerrant
the biblical text has no errors
infallible
the biblical text will not lead you astray
illumination
the work of the Holy Spirit to help readers understand and interpret the biblical texts
Inference
a conclusion drawn based on evidence and reasoning
inspiration
the writings of the Bible were guided or influenced by God through the Holy Spirit to convey his revelation accurrately
philology
the study of language in written historical sources
perspective
The way someone sees or understands something.
authoritative
considered to be the ultimate source of truth and guidance. Contains the highest level of authority and power.
mimesis 1
event to memory
memesis 2
memory to text
mimesis 3
text to memory
mimesis
the process whereby an author mimics, represents, or expresses an experienced reality through a paticular medium
authorially intended meaning
the lesson the author wants the reader to learn
sufficient
contains all the information and guidance that people need for their faith and life.
exegesis
interpretation by drawing meaning out
eisegesis
interpretation by inserting outside meaning in
historiogrophy
the study of how history is written and interpreted
deduction
Understanding a book or part of a book by focusing on its big picture or general categories
induction
Understanding a book or part of a book by focusing on its details and particulars
big question
the problem or dilemma that the book is addressing
special revelation
specific and intentional communication from God through means like Scripture or personal experiences(such as dreams or visions)
general revelation
revelation from and about God which is available to everyone through the natural world and human conscience
textual spine
significant repetitions at the beginning and end of the book
textual strings
significant reppetitions within and throughout the book
textual outline
structured planand/or layout for a book’s main and supporting ideas.
textual argument -
the main point or message that the author is trying to convey through the text.
main message
The primary lesson that the author intends to convey that reesolves the big question
reader response
an interpretive approach that lets reader to define the meaning of the text being read
surface structure of a text
the way it looks on the surface—the actual words, sentences, and paragraphs that you can see and read.
deep structure of a text
underlying meaning or content that goes beyond the surface level. It’s like the hidden or implied meanings, themes, ideas, and intentions
federal theology
sees salvation history as structured around covenants between God and humans, leading to Christ as the fulfillment of these agreements.
orthopraxy
correct or proper action or behavior, specifically in the context of religious or cultural practices.
synoptic gospels
the books of Matthew, Mark, and Luke in the New Testament, which share similar content and structure, including accounts of Jesus’ life, teachings, and miracles.
consolidation
the process of combining or merging separate entities, into a single, unified entity.
progressive revelation
divine truths or spiritual understanding are revealed gradually over time, building upon earlier revelations or insights.
historical theology
the study of How Christian beliefs and practices have developed and evolved over time
systematic theology
The systematic organization of the core doctrines of a religious system into a coherent framework.
biblical theology
Theology based on how themes, ideas, and teachings develop throughout the Bible by looking at historical and literary context
progressive covenantalism
sees a progression in God’s covenants with humanity, highlighting the fulfillment of the covenants in Christ.
new covenant theology
the New Covenant in Christ as central, replacing and fulfilling the Old Covenant with a focus on New Testament teachings.
progressive dispensationalism
combines aspects of traditional dispensationalism with covenant theology, emphasizing continuity between the Old and New Testaments while recognizing different dispensations in God’s plan.
dispensationalism
divides history into distinct periods each with its own set of rules or responsibilities.
covenant
An agreement or contract, often used in religious contexts to describe God’s promises to humanity.
covenant theology
a theological framework that emphasizes the significance of covenants in understanding God’s relationship with humanity, particularly focusing on the covenants found in the Bible and their role in salvation history.
orthodoxy
Accepted or correct beliefs within a religious context.
torah
The first five books of the Hebrew Bible, also known as the Pentateuch.
prophets
People in religious traditions who convey divine messages or predictions.
former prophets
Historical books in the Hebrew Bible that focus on Israel’s early history.
latter prophets
Books in the Hebrew Bible containing prophetic messages from later periods.
writings
Books in the Hebrew Bible that include poetry, wisdom literature, and historical accounts.
gospels
The first four books of the New Testament, focusing on the life and teachings of Jesus.
acts
The book in the New Testament that narrates the early Christian church’s history.
revelation
The last book of the New Testament, also known as the Apocalypse, containing prophetic visions.
epistles
Letters written by apostles or early Christian leaders
philosophical theology
explores theological concepts through philosophical methods
applied theology
applies religious principles to real-world situations and issues
pastoral theology
branch of theology that focuses on the practical aspects of ministry and pastoral care
