Heridity Quiz Flashcards
: the passing of traits from parents to offspring.
heridity
a characteristic that an organism can pass on to its offspring through its genes.
trait
: the scientific study of heredity.
genetics
: the process in which an egg cell and a sperm cell join to form a new organism.
fertilization
the offspring of many generations that have the same trait
purebred
: the set of information that controls a trait; a segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific trait
gene
the different forms of a gene
allele
: an allele whose trait always shows up in the organism when the allele is present.
dominant allele
an allele that is masked when a dominant allele is present.
recessive allele
: an organism that has two different alleles for a trait; an organism that is heterozygous for a particular trait.
hybrid
a number that describes how likely it is that an event will occur.
probability
a chart that shows all the possible combinations of alleles that can result from a genetic cross.
punnett square
: an organism’s physical appearance, or visible traits.
phenotype
an organism’s genetic makeup, or allele combinations.
genotype
having two identical alleles for a trait.
homozygous
: having two different alleles for a trait.
heterozygous
condition in which neither of two alleles of a gene is dominant or recessive.
co-dominance
the process that occurs in the formation of sex cells (sperm & egg) by which the number of chromosomes is reduced by half.
meiosis
RNA that copies the coded message from DNA in the nucleus and carries the message into the cytoplasm.
messanger RNA
RNA in the cytoplasm that carries an amino acid to the ribosome and adds it to the growing protein chain.
transfer RNA
