Heredity Topic

Question 1

It refers to the basic unit of heredity that is passed from parents to offspring.

Answer 1

Gene

Question 2

Chromosomes are made up of ___?

Answer 2

DNA and proteins

Question 3

The complete set of genes in an organism

Answer 3

Genome

Question 4

4 Nitrogenous Bases

Answer 4

Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine

Question 5

Adenine is pair with ___?

Answer 5

Thymine

Question 6

Guanine is pair with ___?

Answer 6

Cytosine

Question 7

The nitrogenous base that is not found in DNA is _____.

Answer 7

Uracil

Question 8

Scientists who discovered double helix structure of DNA

Answer 8

Watson and Crick

Question 9

The change in the DNA sequence that affects genetic information

Answer 9

Mutation

Question 10

Male

Answer 10

XY

Question 11

Female

Answer 11

XX

Question 12

Organism’s genetic makeup

Answer 12

Genotype

Question 13

Process where offspring inherit genes from both parents

Answer 13

Meiosis

Question 14

The allele for blue eyes (B) is dominant over the allele for black eyes (bb). What is the genotype for a person with black eyes?

Answer 14

bb

Question 15

Lack of melanin production due to genetic mutation

Answer 15

Albinism

Question 16

John inherits a gene for brown eyes (recessive) from one parent and a gene for blue eyes (dominant) from the other, what will be John’s eye color?

Answer 16

Blue because dominant genes mask the effect of recessive genes

Question 17

Purpose of crossing over during meiosis

Answer 17

It exchanges segments of DNA between homologous chromosomes

Question 18

XY chromosome pair

Answer 18

Female

Question 19

XX chromosome pair

Answer 19

Male

Question 20

Role of Y chromosome in gender determination

Answer 20

Determines male characteristics

Question 21

Ratio of offspring from a human couple

Answer 21

50% male, 50% female

Question 22

The chromosomes that determines the gender of an individual

Answer 22

X and Y chromosome

Question 23

Modification in the DNA sequence

Answer 23

Mutation

Question 24

Carries the genetic information that is part of nucleotide

Answer 24

Nitrogenous base

Question 25

Determines the specific traits that an organism will be expressed

Answer 25

Genetic information in the DNA

Question 26

Humans have ___ chromosomes in the body cell

Answer 26

46

Question 27

It directly packages and organizes the DNA within the chromosome

Answer 27

Histone protein

Question 28

This holds sister chromatids together during cell division

Answer 28

Centromere

Question 29

The sequence of nucleotides in DNA determine the genetic information carried by a gene

Answer 29

Sequence of nitrogenous bases

Question 30

The chromosomes number 1 to 22 is called?

Answer 30

Autosomes or body chromosomes

Question 31

Sex chromosomes

Answer 31

Determines the gender of an organism

Question 32

Example of Autosomes

Answer 32

Nose and hair color

Question 33

Refers to the observable expression of genotype

Answer 33

Phenotype

Question 34

Traits that mask the over trait

Answer 34

Dominant

Question 35

Traits that expressed only if both are connected alleles

Answer 35

Recessive

Question 36

A disorder where your blood doesn't clot

Answer 36

Hemophilia

Question 37

What is the consequence of a single base pair change (mutation) in the sequence?

Answer 37

Protein coded by the gene may be altered

Question 38

What is the significance of alleles?

Answer 38

They are different forms of a gene that can result in variations of a trait.

Question 39

Factors that can cause mutation

Answer 39

*Exposure to radiation *Exposure to chemicals

Question 40

Autosomes and sex chromosomes are crucial for human development because?

Answer 40

They determine all traits in an individual

Question 41

Sex chromosomes appear in ___.

Answer 41

23rd pair

Question 42

Autosomes are ___ pairs.

Answer 42

1-22

Question 43

Sex chromosome combinations of human

Answer 43

XX and XY

Question 44

Males are more prone to X-linked disorders because?

Answer 44

Males have only one X chromosome

Question 45

DNA bases pair

Answer 45

A-T C-G

Question 46

DNA stands for?

Answer 46

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 47

It was found tightly packed in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.

Answer 47

Chromosomes

Question 48

It refers to the chromosomes that have the same size, shape, and genes.

Answer 48

Homologous chromosomes

Question 49

Long arm is called?

Answer 49

q arm

Question 50

A short arm is called ___.

Answer 50

p arm