heredity Flashcards
At the end of ____ there are four haploid daughter cells.
meiosis
In humans, meiosis produces _________.
haploid cells with half the number of chromosomes
Separation of homologous chromosomes occurs during ____
anaphase 1
this events occurs during anaphase 2 of meiosis 2
sister chromatids separate
during this phase of meiosis tetrads form and crossing over occurs
prophase 1
mitosis and meiosis are both forms of cell division. the results are very different. meiosis results in ____ and mitosis results in _____
meiosis: 4 haploid cells
mitosis: 2 diploid cells
in which stage do homologous chromosomes line up at the midline of the cell?
metaphase 1
describe the most likely pattern of hemophilia in Queen Victorias offspring
more males have hemophilia
dominant alleles have Capitol letters and recessive have lower case. what would be the genotype of a homozygous dominant individual?
both letters need to be capital & the same BB
the law of segregation states that alleles separate during _______.
formation of gametes.
the law of independent assortment applies only to genes that are _________.
located on different chromosomes or are far apart on the same chromosome.
what is the general relationship between genotype and phenotype
genotype determines phenotype
if two genes are closely arranged on the same chromosome, they probably will ____
be inherited together
when a cross between a red flower and a white flower yields pink offspring the trait is___
incomplete dominance
a scientist bred pea plants to test inheritance. he crossed pure tall plants (TT) with pure bread short plants (tt) all the offspring were tall. which law does this demonstrate?
law of dominance
if a mutation occurs in an individuals body cell, then ______
an individuals offspring will be effected
people with Down syndrome have 3 copies of chromosome 21. this abnormal number is caused by____
nondisjuction
traits that are controlled by many genes, like hair and eye color, are known as ____
polygenic
coat color in cows is codominant. a cow that is homozygous black that is crossed with a cow that is homozygous white will produce offsprings that are ___
black and white spots
both sickle cell anemia and cystic fibrosis ___
sex linked traits ?
chemicals in cigarettes can alter the DNA sequence causing cancer. what is the term for these chemicals?
mutagens
a dihybrid cross examines ____
the inheritance of 2 different traits
