heredity Flashcards
heredity
heredity
the passing genetic traits from parent to offspring
dominant trait
trait observed in the firs generation from parents that have different traits are bred
recessive trait
the trait that reappears in he 2nd generation after disappearing in the firs generation when different traits are bred
genes
the set instructions for an inherited traits
alleles
one of he alternatives forms of genes that governs a characteristic such as hair color
phenotype
an organism’s appearance or other detectable characteristic
genotype
the entire genetic makeup of an organisms; also the combination of genes for one or more specific traits
probability
he likelihood that a possible future even that will occur in any given instance of the even t
meiosis
a process in cell division during which the # of chromosomes decreases to half the original # by 2 divisions of the nucleus which results in the productions of sex cells
sex chromosomes
one of he pair of chromosomes that determine the sex of and individual
pedigree
diagram hat shows that occurrence of genetic trait in several generation of a family
DNA
a molecule that is present in all living cells and that contains the information hat determines the traits that a living hing inherits and needs to live
nucleotide
in a nucleus acid chain a sub unit hat consists of a sugar a phosphate and a nitrogen base
mutation
the changing of the structure of a gene, resulting in a variant form that may be transmitted to subsequent generations, caused by the alteration of single base units in DNA, or the deletion, insertion, or rearrangement of larger sections of genes or chromosomes.
RNA
a molecule that is present in all living cells and that plays a role in protein production
