Heredity Flashcards
What is the passing of traits from one generation to the next called?
Heredity
What is the trait observed in the first generation when parents have different traits are bred called?
dominant trait
what is a trait that reappears in the second generation after disappearing in the first generation when parents with parents with different traits are bred called?
recessive trait
what is one set of instructions for an inherited trait called?
genes
what is one of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic, such a hair color called?
alleles
what is an organism’s appearance or other detectable characteristic called?
phenotype
what is the entire genetic makeup of an organism; also the combination called?
genotype
What is the likelihood that a possible future event will occur in any given instance of the event called?
probability
what is a process in cell division during which the number of chromosomes decreases to half the original number by two divisions of the nucleus which results in the production of sex cells called?
meiosis
what is one of the pair of chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual?
sex chromosomes
What is a diagram that shows the occurrence of a genetic trait in several generations of a family called?
pedigree
What is a deoxyribonucleic acid, a molecule that is present in all living cells and that contains the information that determines the traits that a living thing inherits and needs to live?
DNA
What is a nucleic-acid chain, a subunit that consists of a sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base called
nucleotide
What is a change in the nucleotide-base sequence of a gene or DNA molecule called?
mutation
