Heredity Flashcards
Heredity
the passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring
Dominant Trait
the trait observed in the first generation when parents have different traits
Recessive Trait
a trait that is apparent only when two recessive alleles for the same characteristic are inherited
Genes
one set of instructions for an inherited trait
Alleles
one of the alternative genes that governs characteristics
Phenotype
an organism’s appearance or other detectable characteristics
Genotype
the entire genetic makeup of an organism;also the combination of genes of one or more traits
Probability
the likelihood that possible future event will occur in any given instant of the event
Homologous Chromosomes
chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure
Meiosis
a process of cell division during which the number of chromosomes decreases to half the original number by two divisions of the nucleus, which results in the production of sex cells
Sex Chromosomes
one pair of chromosomes that determine the sex of an individuals
Pedigree
a diagram that shows the genetic trait that occurs in several generations of a family
DNA
deoxyribonucleic acid, a molecule that is present in all living cells and contains the info that that determines the traits that a living thing inherits and needs to live
Nucleotide
in a nucleic-acid, a subunit that consists of a sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base
RNA
a ribonucleic acid, a molecule that is present in all living cells and that plays a role in protein production
