heredity Flashcards
the passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring
heredity
the trait observed in the first generation when parents that have different traits are bred
Dominant Trait
a trait that reappears in the second generation after disappearing in the first generation when parents with different traits are bred
Recessive Trait
one set of instructions for an inherited set
genes
one of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic such as a hair color
allele
an organisms appearance or other detectable characteristic
phenotype
the entire genetic makeup of an organisms also the combination of genes for one or more specific traits
genotype
the likelihood that a possible future event will occur in any given instance of the event
probability
chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure
homologous chromosomes
a process in cell division during which the number of chromosomes decreases to half the original number by two divisions of the nucleus which results in the production of sex cells
meiosis
one if the pair of chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual
sex chromosomes
a diagram that shows the occurrence of a genetic trait in several generations of a family
pedigree
a molecule that is present in all living cells and that contains the information that determines
DNA
in a nucleic-acid chain, a subunit that consists of a sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base
nucleotide
ribunucleic acid a molecule that is present in all living cells and that plays a role in protein production
RNA
