Heredity Flashcards
the passing of traits from parent to offspring
heredity
the trait observed in the first generation when parents that have different traits a bred
dominant trait
a trait that reappears in the second generation when parents with different traits are bred
recessive trait
one set of instructions for an inherited trait
gene
different forms of a gene dominant or recessive
allele
an organism’s appearance or other detectable characteristic
phenotype
the combination of genes for one or more traits heterozygous or homozygous
genotype
the likelihood that a possible future event will occur in any given instance of the event
probability
a process in cell division during which the number of chromosomes decreases to half the original number by two divisions which results in the production of sex cells
meiosis
one of the pair of cromosomes that determine the sex of an individual
sex chromosomes
a diagram that shows the occurrence of a genetic trait in several generations of a family
pedigree
deoxyribonuclleic acid a molecule that is present in all living cells and that contains the information that determines the traits that a living thing inherits and needs to live
DNA
in a nucleic-acid chain a subunit that consists of a sugar a phosphate and a nitrogenous base
nucleotide
a change in nucleotide-base sequence of a gene or DNA molecule
mutation
ribonucleic acid a molecule that is present in all living cells and that plays a role in protein production
RNA
