Herbals Flashcards
1
Q
Kava-Kava (3)
A
- CNS depressant, anxiolytic
- Inhibits CYP450 (hepatotoxicity)
- ↑ bleeding time (impaired plt function)
- ↑ sedative effects with other sedatives
2
Q
Valerian (2)
A
- CNS Depressant, sleep aid
2. Hepatotoxicity, pancreatitis
3
Q
St. Johns Wart (3)
A
- Treats depression
- MAOIs can cause SS
- Inhibits CYP450 (esp coumadin)
4
Q
Herbals that prolong sedatives (3)
A
- Kava Kava
- Valerian
- St. Johns Wort
5
Q
Herbals that increase bleeding (5)
A
- Gingko
- Garlic
- Ginseng
- Saw Palmetto
- Kava Kava
6
Q
Garlic (3)
A
- Promotes phagocytosis and T-Cell production
- Can cause HYPOTENSION
- Inhibits platelet aggregation and promotes fibrinolysis
7
Q
Ginseng (4)
A
- Used to lower blood glucose
- Inhibits platelet aggregation
- SE tachycardia, hypertension
- Hypoglycemia
8
Q
Saw Palmetto (3)
A
- Used for BPH
- Inhibits COX
- Platelet dysfunction
9
Q
Herbals that increase clotting risk (3)
A
- St Johns Worst
- Goldenseal
- Coenzyme Q10
10
Q
Goldenseal
A
- Used to alter drug screen results
- Inhibits CYP450
- Decreases effectiveness of coumadin, cyclosporin, digoxin
11
Q
Ephedra
A
- Used as a weight loss aid
- Direct/indirect sympathomimetic
- Taxyphalaxis
- Life-threatening interaction w/ MAOIs
12
Q
Echinacea (6)
A
- Used as a prophylaxis against colds
- Decreased effectiveness of corticosteroids
- Can lead to over-stimulation of immune system
- CI in systemic/autoimmune disorders, TB, SLE, HIV, MS
- Worsen metabolic control in diabetes
- Hepatotoxicity
13
Q
Melatonin
A
- Hormone used to aid sleep
- Crosses BBB and ↑ sedative effects
- Decreases birth control effectiveness
- May interact with anticoagulants/immunosupressives
14
Q
Cannabis (5)
A
- ↑ Aspiration risk, slows gastric emptying
- Tachycardia
- Airway irritation
- ↑ Propofol, NMBs, Opioids
- ↓ dose of Benzos/Barbs and other CNS depressants
15
Q
Amphotericin B
A
- Binds to ergosterol
2. Extremely nephrotoxic (monitor plasma Crn)
