Herbals Flashcards
- Herbals that Prolong Anesthesia Effect - Kava Kava:
- Concerns
- Potential to increase ___ of anesthetics
- Potential for addiction, tolerance, and withdrawl after abstinence
- Side effects: headache, dizziness, loss of coordination, sluggish reflexes, and GI discomfort.
- Long-term use may cause ___ and ___, photosensitivity, ___
sedative effects
dry scaly skin and yellow discoloration of skin and nails
hepatotoxicity
*Herbals that Prolong Anesthetic Effect:
Sedative, mild anxiolytic, sleep aide?
- Potential to ___ of anesthesia; should be avoided with ???
- Side effects: headache, excitability, ataxia, and GI discomfort
- Can develop? and will see ??
Valerian
- potentiate sedative effect
- barbiturate, opioids, benzodiazepine
- withdrawal syndrome
- Delirium
- Cardiac abnormalities
*Herbals that Prolong Anesthetic Effect
- “Prozac alternative”
- Used to treat depression
St. Johns Wort
Hypericum perforatum
___ = Side effects: allergic reactions, headache, dizziness, restlessness, fatigue, GI upset and *photosensitivity, and additive effects with anesthesia
St. Johns Wort
St. Johns Wort
- Cautions if patient taking prescription ___ (may lead to ?)
- Induction of ___
MAO inhibitors
syndrome of central serotonin excess
cytoochrome P450 complex in the liver
*Herbals that prolong Anesthetic Effect:
Polynesian plant
CNS depressant, sedative, and anxiolytic
Kava kava
piper methysticum
- Increased metabolism of drugs that use CP450 system and therefore reducing effectiveness of these drugs
- Caution with: Indinovir (HIV), cyclosporines, digitalis, calcium channel blockers, beta blockers, phenobarb, phenytoin, birth control pills, benzodiazipines, coumadin, alfentanil, lidocaine, steroids, and non-steriodal anti-inflammatory drugs
St. Johns Wort
*Increased Risk of Bleeding
- Used to improve cognitive function and improve circulation
- Inhibition of ??
Gingko (gingko biloba)
platelet aggregation and platelet-activating factor (PAF)
- Gingko
- Side effects: headache, dizziness, GI upset, and ___
- Potential to increase ___, especially when used with other medications that inhibit platelet aggregation
- Enhances ___ of anticoagulants (coumadin, NSAIDs and ASA)
- dermal sensitivity
- risk of bleeding
- anticoagulant effect
*Increase Risk of Bleeding
-Used to treat hypertension and lower cholesterol?
……..May have anticancer properties
~Inhibition of ___ and ___
Garlic (Allium Sativum)
~platelet aggregation and increased fibrinolysis
*Garlic Concerns: -Potential to increase \_\_\_, especially when combined with other medications that \_\_\_ -Enhances \_\_\_ -\_\_\_\_
- risk of bleeding
- inhibit platelet aggregation
- Warfarin effect
- Lowered blood pressure (HYPOTENSION)
*Increase Risk of Bleeding
Used as a mood and energy level enhancer and to protect against stress and restore homeostasis?
-Lowers ___
-Inhibition of ___
Ginseng (panax quinquefolius/panax ginseng)
- blood glucose
- platelet aggregation
Side effects: transient nervousness, excitation, tachycardia, inability to concentrate, insomnia, headache, hypertension, epistaxis, allergies, water/electrolyte disturbances
Ginseng
- Ginseng Concerns
- At risk for ?
- Potential to increase the ___
- Caution in patients with ___ or on ___
- May decrease effectiveness of ___
- Avoid ??
- Hypoglycemia
- risk of bleeding
- coagulopathies or on anticoagulants
- Warfarin
- ASA, NSAIDs
- Increase Risk of Bleeding
- Used for benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
- May have anti-inflammatory effects by inhibition of ___ and ___.
- May increase bleeding
Saw Palmetto (Serenoa repens) -cyclooxygenase (COX) and platelet dysfunction
