Hepatology Flashcards
Occult blood in stool? Dx?
Ampullary tumor
Cardinal feature of acute liver failure?
Encephalopathy/cerebral oedema
Which liver failure has worst outcome?
Subacute Liver Failure
Late sign of cerebral oedema?
Papilledema
Sudden onset ascites is a clue of-
Bud chiary syndrome
Which test has greatest prognostic value in case of acute liver failure?
Prothrombin time
Cause of massive hepatomegaly without significant weight loss?
neuro endocrine tumor
MCC of heart failure?
Cirrhosis, intra-abdominal malignancy. heart failure
Splanchnic arterial vasodilatation is mediated by-
Nitric oxide
Low ascites glucose concentration suggests-
TB/Malignancy
TG >1.1 g/L (110mg/dL) suggests-
Chylous ascites (Lymphatic obstruction)
Painful gynecomastia caused by
Spironolctone
Multiple organisms on culture suggesting
Perforated viscus
MCC of portal HTN?
Cirrhosis
Early sign of CLD?
Palmer erythema
clubbing in not a feature of CLD?
no, feature of hepatopulmonary syndrome
Early bruising seen in
Advanced cirrhosis
Signs of decompensated CLD
Jaundice,
Ascites,
Encephalopathy (Flapping tremor),
Variceal bleeding.
which one is associated with higher rate of infections, encephalopathy, ascites in case of CLD?
SARCOPENIA (Loss of muscle mass)
Which one predicts mortality in case of patients awaiting liver transplantation?
MELD-NA score
Cardinal sign of portal HTN?
Splenomegaly
Fetor hepaticus is due to-
Mercaptens passing directly into the lungs
Splenic vein occlusion consequences -
Pancreatitis»»Gastric varices
Normal AST/ALT ratio?
less than 0.8
ALT>AST
NASH (Metabolic syndrome)
AST/ALT >2
Alcoholic hepatitis, hep c, advanced fibrosis in NAFLD
Which penia is common in cirrhosis?
Thrombocytopenia, if thrombocytosis- think about Active GI Hge, rarely HCC
Ig A increased in
Alcoholic liver disease, NAFLD
Ig M ass with
PBC, WM
FibroTest combines 5 standard biomarkers
gamma-glutamyltransferase, total bilirubin, alpha-2-macroglobulin, apolipoprotein A1, and haptoglobin
The ELF Test is a non-invasive blood test that measures three direct markers of fibrosis
tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1 (TIMP-1), amino-terminal propeptide of type III procollagen (PIIINP) and hyaluronic acid (HA)
Rx of criggler najar syndrome type 2?
phenobarbital, phototherapy or liver transplant
Hemolysis screen
PBF(RETICULOCYTE COUNT), LDH, HAPTOGLOBULIN