Hepatobiliary Review Flashcards
How does hepatic encephalopathy result from LF
Impaired urea cycle
Hyperammonia
- Hepatic Encephalopathy - hyperreflexia
What does ALP suggest
Biliary obstruction, mass lesion
Hence + Jaundice - obstructive jaundice
Histological features of Cirrhosis [2]
Diffused, Regenerative nodules
w Portal Bridging fibrosis
Cx of chronic hepatitis
HCC, w rapid enlargment
alphaFP elevated!
Alcoholic Liver Disease features [2]
AST > ALT
Mallory-Denk bodies - eosinophilic w cytoplasmic inclusions [note this is nonspecific; chronic can]
Where is stellate scar found
Focal Nodular Hyperplasia
Microcytic anemia-causing cancer?
Colon Cancer - iron deficiency
Whats the deal w Hepatic Adenoma?
OCP, oestrogen
3 cell thick tracebulation
Compare causes and presentation between HCA and HCC
HCA - OCP, oestrogen
HCC - chronic hepatitis + Central Stellate Scar
Presentation
- 3 cell thick trabeculae vs 4 cell or more thicc.
What is Pseudocysts and 2 Cx
Feature of Pancreatitis
- Pancreatic fluid/juices, surrounded by fibrotic tissue/granulation tissue
Cx:
- potential rupture and effusion into abdominal/chest cavity
- compression of splenic VEIN - splenomegaly
Whats histologically found in AFLD? [2]
Mallory-Denk bodies
- Chicken Wire fence
Whats histologically found in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis?
Hurtle Cell change / oncolytic change
- cellular enlargement characterised by an abundant eosinophilic granular cytoplasm as a result of the accumulation of altered mitochondria
What MEN is associated w Pancreatic NET Cancer
- name a histological feature
MENI
- associated w Pancreatic Cancer + Pituitary Adenoma
- endocrine tumor hence Salt and Pepper chromatin
Which Hep viruses have vaccine
Which Hep viruses uses RNA for diagnosis
A - heat killed
B - subunit
C - dont have just cos; + IgM useless
