Hepatitis Flashcards
How are Hepatitis A & E transmitted?
Fecal-Oral route (the vowels are in the bowls)
How are hepatitis B, C, and D transmitted? What are their most common modes of transmission?
Body fluids
B-Sex
C-IV drug use
D-from hep B (same mode)
Which hepatitis strand(s) have a vaccine? When are they given?
A & B
A: 2 doses, 6 months apart, part of the pediatric immunizations
B:3-4 doses over 6-18 months, peds immunization schedule and high risk groups (healthcare workers)
Which strands of hepatitis are acute? Which can turn chronic?
Acute: A&E
Can turn: B, *C, D
*rate of chronic illness is high
Which strands require supportive treatment? Which require medication?
A & E require only supportive treatment
B, C, and D require antiviral medications (Pegasus/interferon)
What does a positive IgM mean?
An active hepatitis infection
What does a positive IgG mean?
The patient has been vaccinated for Hep or has had a Hep infection and is immune to it
What is the post exposure protocol for Hep?
A: Immune globin (IG)within 2 weeks of exposure
B: IG within 24 hours of exposure (12 after birth if transmitted via child birth)
C: NONE
D: NONE
E: NONE
What other viruses can cause hepatitis/hepatitis like s/s? (Attack the liver)
Epstein Barr
Herpes simplex
Varicella Zoster
Cytomegalovirus
What are some hallmark s/s of hepatitis?
Jaundice/Icterus (dark urine, clay stools)
N/V/D, constipation, loss of appetite, ABD pain (Upper R Quadrant)
Fever, malaise, lethargy
Arthralgia, myalgia
Pruritus (itching)
When is a patient with hepatitis contagious?
Can be for up to 2 weeks BFORE s/s and 1-3 weeks AFTER s/s
What does a positive HBsAg mean?
Patient has a current Hep B infection
What does a positive Anti-HBs mean?
Patient has recovered from Hep B and is immune or is immune due to immunization
What is a normal ALT level? Will it elevate or decrease when infection is present?
7-56, elevate
What is a normal AST? Will it elevate or decrease when infection is present?
10-40, elevate
