Hepatitis Flashcards
What are the reportable Hepatitis
Hep A, B, C
What is Hepatitis A and how is it spread
RNA virus
spread via fecal-oral route
what are the risk factors for hepatitis A
MSM (men sex with men - questionable)
drug use
homelessness
occupational exposures
What is the incubation period of Hep A
2 weeks - 6 months (avg 30 days)
acute illness
what are common symptoms of Hepatitis A
abrupt or insidious onset
Malaise
myalgia and arthralgia
fatigue
URI symptoms
aversion to smoking
anorexia
N/v
diarrhea/constipation
RUQ or epigastric pain
what is seen on PE with hep A
Low grade fever
hepatomegaly
splenomegaly
lymphadenopathy
+/- Jaundice
what are the lab results of Hep A
Increased AST and ALT
WBC usually normal
+ Hep A serology: IgM (acute), IgG (long term immunity)
what is post-exposure prophylaxis
single dose of HAV vaccine
immunoglobulin
-the sooner the better
What is the treatment of Hep A
self limited: improvement in 2-3 weeks
frequent hand washing to prevent spread
symptomatic treatment: rest, hydration, caloric intake, avoid exertion
What is Hep E
where is is common
what is the transmission
RNA virus
similar to HAV
primarily in India, Asia, Africa, Middle East and Central americas
fecal-oral transmission (contaminated water)
what is the incubation period of Hep E
14-60 days (avg 5-6 weeks)
what are the at risk populations of Hep E
Pregnant women
underlying liver disease
HIV
cancer on chemo
Organ transplant recipient
What are the symptoms of Hep E
most asymptomatic
immune compromise -> symptoms
malaise, myalgia and arthralgias, fatigue, anorexia, N/v, abd pain, jaundice, dark urine, clay colored stool
What are the extra-hepatic manifestations of Hep E
arthritis
pancreatitis
thrombocytopenia
Guillain-Barre
peripheral neuropathy
What are the labs with Hep E
+ AntiHEV igM and - IgG = acute infection
- AntiHEV Igm and + igG = prior infection
may see liver function test derangements similar to HAV
what is the prevention of Hep E
no vaccine
sanitation
purified water or boiling/chlorinating
what is the treatment of Hep E
self limited
symptomatic treatment: rest, adequate fluid and caloric intake, avoid ETOH and other hepatotoxins
What is Hep B
Ds-DNA Virus
inner core and outer surface coats
8 different genotypes