Hepatic Failure Flashcards
asterixis
involuntary flapping movements of the hands associated with metabolic liver dysfunction
balloon tamponade
use of balloons placed within the esophagus and proximal portion of the stomach and inflated to compress bleeding vessels (esophageal and gastric varices)
Budd-Chiari syndrome
hepatic vein thrombosis resulting in non-cirrhotic portal hypertension
cirrhosis:
a chronic liver disease characterized by fibrotic changes and the formation of dense connective tissue within the liver, subsequent degenerative changes, and loss of functioning cells
constructional apraxia:
inability to draw figures in two or three dimensions
fetor hepaticus:
sweet, slightly fecal odor to the breath, presumed to be of intestinal origin; prevalent with the extensive collateral portal circulation in chronic liver dis- ease
fulminant hepatic failure:
sudden, severe onset of acute liver failure that occurs within 8 weeks after the first symptoms of jaundice
hepatic encephalopathy:
central nervous system dysfunc- tion resulting from liver disease; frequently associated with elevated ammonia levels that produce changes in mental status, altered level of consciousness, and coma
orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT):
grafting of a donor liver into the normal anatomic location, with removal of the diseased native liver
portal hypertension:
elevated pressure in the portal circu- lation resulting from obstruction of venous flow into and through the liver
sclerotherapy:
the injection of substances into or around esophagogastric varices to cause constriction, thicken- ing, and hardening of the vessel and thus to stop bleed- ing
variceal banding:
procedure that involves the endoscopic placement of a rubber band–like device over esophageal varices to ligate the area and stop bleeding
xenograft:
transplantation of organs from one species to another
Serum bilirubin, total
0–0.9 mg/dL (1.7–20.5
Serum bilirubin, direct
0–0.3 mg/dL (0–5.1
