Hepatic Disorders

Question 1

“AST”

Answer 1

Asparate Amino Transferase

Question 2

AST is an important enzyme for

Answer 2

Amino acid metabolism

Question 3

Where is AST found?

Answer 3

Liver, heart, skeletal muscle, kidneys, brain RBCs

Question 4

What is the marker for liver health?

Answer 4

ALT & AST

Question 5

Increased AST levels can indicate what? What is it less specific for?

Answer 5

Indicate damage to heart muscle and pancreas.

Less specific to liver damage.

Question 6

“ALT”

Answer 6

Alanine Transaminase

Question 7

Function of ALT

Answer 7

Catalyzes two parts of the alanine cycle

Question 8

What can an increased ALT indicate? Normal units/L

Answer 8

Hepatocytes are damaged and releasing the enzyme into the bloodstream. 7-56 units/L

Question 9

The AST: ALT ratio can help determine what?

Answer 9

Type of liver disease

Question 10

Function of Kupffer Cells

Answer 10

Specialized macrophages assigned to live in the liver long term.

Question 11

Define hepatitis

Answer 11

Inflammation of the liver

Question 12

Causes of Hepatitis

Answer 12

Viral, drug/alcohol induced, autoimmune

Question 13

Describe Fulminant Hepatitis

Answer 13

Severe, sudden onset

Question 14

What can occur to the brain with fulminant hepatitis?

Answer 14

Encephalopathy- damage to the brain-altered mental state, confusion, memory within 8 weeks of onset

Question 15

Steatosis AKA

Answer 15

Fatty liver Disease

Question 16

What occurs in steatosis

Answer 16

An increase of fat build up in the liver, lacks significant inflammation

Question 17

Define Steatohepatitis

Answer 17

Fat deposition in the liver with inflammation

Question 18

Define what is produce in micronodular cirrohosis

Answer 18

Sinusoidal fibrosis leading to discrete nodules usually <3mm in size

Question 19

Define what is produced in macronodular cirrohisis

Answer 19

Nodules larger than 3 mm