Hep205 Flashcards
What directional term is used for fibers oriented straight with respect to longitudinal axis
Rectus
What directional term is used for fibers that run at an angle with respect to the longitudinal axis
Oblique
What directional term is used for fibers that run in a circular path
Orbicularis
What term is used to describe something that is the shortest
Brevis
What term is used for something that is the longest
Longus
Triangular in shape
Deltoid
Shaped like a trapezium or kite
Trapezius
What do you call a muscle whose contraction bends a limb or other part of the body.
Flexor
What do you call a muscle whose contraction extends or straightens a limb or other part of the body.
Extensor
What is a muscle whose contraction moves a limb or other part of the body toward the midline of the body or toward another part.
Adductor
a muscle whose contraction moves a limb or other part of the body away from the midline of the body or away from another part.
Abductor
Where muscles attach at a fixed end
Origin
The movable end that attaches to another structure
Insertion
Skeletal muscles are made up of parallel bundles of fibers called
Fascicles
Four most common types of vesicle arrangements
Circular convergent parallel pennate
Blend into a tendon that runs through the central region of the muscle for its whole length somewhat like the quill of a feather
Pennate fascicles
A widespread expansion over a sizable area and the fascicles come to a single common attachment point
Convergent fascicles
These muscles are also called sphincters
Circular fascicles
Fascicles that extend in the same direction as the long axis of the muscle
Parallel fascicles
Bone that is longer than it is wide
Long bone (humerus)
Bone that is about as wide as it is tall
Short bone (carpal of wrist)
An example of a flat bone
Sternum
An example of a irregular bone
Vertebra
Large rounded projection, may be roughened
Tuberosity
Narrow ridge of bone, usually prominent
Crest
Large, blunt irregularly shaped process (only on femur)
Trochanter
Less prominent narrow ridge of bone
Line
Small, rounded projection or process
Tubercle
Raised area on or above a condyle
Epicondyle
Sharp, slender pointed projection
Spine
Any bony process can be called
Process
Bony expansion carried on a narrow neck
Head
Smooth, nearly flat articular (joint) surface
Facet
Rounded articular projection
Condyle
Armlike bar of bone
Ramus
Narrow, slit like opening
Fissure
Indentation at the edge of a structure
Notch
Canal like pathway
Meatus
Cavity with a bone filled with air and lined with mucous membrane
Sinus
Shallow, basin like depression in a bone often serving as a joint surface
Fossa
Extremely strong joints where movements between bones must be prevented
Synarthrosis
Edges are interlocked and bound together by dense fibrous connective tissue
Suture
Some movement permitted but still a strong joint
Amphiarthrosis
Rigid cartilaginous bridge between two articulating bones
Synchondrosis (cartilaginous)
Freely movable joint
Diarthrosis
Totally rigid immovable fusion of bones, no clear boundary
Synostosis
Bones connected by a ligament
Syndesmosis (fibrous)
Bones connected by a pad of fibrocartilage
Symphysis
Permits widest range of motion, typically associated with ends of long bones
Synovial
The movement produce when one bone glides or slips past another
Gliding movement
A change in the angle between two bones
Angular movement
Movement of bone around its own axis
Rotation
Movement of a body region in a circular manner, one end stays still, other moves in a circle
Circumduction
Toes moving up
Dorsiflexion
Toes moving down
Plantar flexion
Big toe towards body
Inversion
Pinky toe away from body
Eversion
Thumb to pinky
Opposition
Palm anterior
Supination
Palm posterior
Pronation
