Henry VIII- Society Flashcards
when were there bad harvests in lincolnshire?
1535 and 1536
how many rebels took the city of york in the pog?
10,000
how did henry deal poorly with the pog?
ignored warnings about increase in resentment
how did the duke of norfolk respond to the renewal of the rebellion?
- declared martial law
- hanged 74 rebels
- then acted mercifully with proper legal processes
- rebel leaders such as darcy and hussey were bought back to london, tried and executed
were the promises made by norfolk honoured? why was this no big deal in the end?
no, but most of the rebel forces dispersed;
the rebellion was renewed in cumberland in 1537, so henry had an excuse to go back on his promise
what happened to the duke of norfolk’s army (sent by king) when he arrived in doncaster? how did norfolk try to resolve the pog?
he was outnumbered, so he defused the rebellion by issuing a pardon, promising dissolved monastries would be restored and a free parliament established
what banner was used in the pog?
five wounds of christ
what were the pontefract articles?
rebel demands - anger directed against cromwell and king’s advisers;
included desire for parliament to meet at york
what were the secular motives for the pog?
- taxation
- crown’s attempts to impose duke of suffolk upon licolnshire as magnate
- restoration of princess mary as heir following succession act (1536)
- tenants’ grievances in cumberland and westmorland
- statute of uses 1536 (change the way property was left in wills)
- lack of say in the running of the north (growing issue of enclosure)
why were the royal injunctions a cause of the pog? when were they?
1536
- celebration of locally important saint such as st wilfrid in yorkshire was discouraged
- discouragement of pilgrimage
- rumours church plates and jewels would be confiscated
what were the 3 religious motives for the pog?
- fear for parish churches
- dissolution of monastries
- royal injunctions 1536
why were the rebels in the pog angry about the dissolution of the mons?
- loss of charity and educational functions
- possible loss of parish churches (durham cathedral)
- fear the north would be impoverished as land would be given to southerners
provide evidence for why the uprising from the dales in the pog was militant
letters were sent out in the name of captain poverty
where did the more militant rising of the pilgrimage of grace arise? why were they more militant?
in the dales (ripon), west into cumberland, north to durham and south;
they were more radicalised and hostile towards gentry because of their grievances against landlords
where did the pog begin?
lincolnshire, into wakefield and pontefract
what did henry learn from resistance of the amicable grant?
next time he supplemented extraordinary revenue with cash from the sale of monastic lands
those who refused to pay the amicable grant in suffolk were treated leniently. why?
wolsey publicly begged the king to offer pardon to those he saw as his suffolk countrymen (ipswich <3)
where was there resistance in the north to the amicable grant? how many? who?
- norfolk and suffolk
- 4000 resisters
- mainly cloth workers
where was there resistance in the east against the amicable grant? how many?
- essex and suffolk
- 1000 resisters gathered at border
where was there backlash against taxation in 1513? consequence?
yorkshire, taxation demands were eventually written off
what resistance was there to the dissolution of monastries?
- pog and licolnshire uprising 1536
- northumberland, royal commissioners were prevented from beginning dissolution by a gathering of armed men
what other roles did monastries play in their communities?
- employment and business opportunities
- major monastic churches (durham) were cathedrals of their dioceses
- some monastries were also parish churches
why did the land taken from church and given to crown not make the king powerful in the long-term? give an example (quant)
expense of foreign policy led to sale of monastic property, increasing size and wealth of landholding gentry; by 1547, 2/3 of monastic land acquired by the crown had been sold
what were the long-lasting social consequences of religious upheaval?
- land removed from church, given to crown and subsequently sold to gentry
- monastic schools lost
- monks and nuns unemployed
- monasteries’ roles in communities
