Henry VII Key Terms / Dates

Question 1

Act of Attainders

Answer 1

29th January 1542

AIMS - to stop nobles being disloyal and they would be declared guilty with no trial

It would be used to sieze land and titles off nobles

Question 2

Act of Resumption

Answer 2

1486

This recovered all of the crown property and lands that had been granted away since 1455

Question 3

Anti-Retaining Laws and Fines

Answer 3

1st Act in 1485

2nd Act in 1504

Required nobles to have a special license from the king for retaining large numbers of men

The penalty for retaining was £5 per month per man

Question 4

Battle of Bosworth

Answer 4

1485

Henry VII (Lancashire) killed Richard III (York) to become King

Henry was seen as usurper as he didn’t have a real claim to the throne

Question 5

Brittany Crisis

Answer 5

1487 - 1492

Henry had to decide whether to protect England against France or to buy and protect Brittany and pay gratitude to Francis

Question 6

Castillian Succession Crisis

Answer 6

1504 - 1506

Isabella of Castile died which left Joanna in charge

Isabella died - leaves Castile to Joanna and Philip; Ferdinand wanted Castile; H7 chose to support Joanna and Philip

Philip washed up in England - Henry agreed to help and created Intercursus Malus (never implemented)

Philip and Joanna take control of Castile

Philip dies and Joanna goes mad; Ferdinand seizes Castile

Question 7

Clerical Tax

Answer 7

Special tax that the king could levy on the Church, as the clergy didn’t have to pay tax so Henry created a specific clerical tax as a way of getting the clergy to pay him

Question 8

Cornwall Uprising

Answer 8

1497

A second tax uprising

Caused by attempts to raise money to defend the Northern border against Scotland

16 June rebels marched to Blackheath, London where 1000 rebels were killed and leaders exeuted

Question 9

Extra-Ordinary Finances

Answer 9

This came to the crown only on specific occasions and for very particular reasons

It was made up from:

• Parliamentary Grants
• Loans and Benevolences
• Clerical Taxes
• Feudal Obligations
• French Pension

Question 10

Feudal Dues

Answer 10

Traditional Rights of the King to demand money

It could be from:

• Relief
• Marriage
• Wardship
• Livery

Henry’s income rose from £350 (1487) to £6,000 (1507)

Question 11

First Parliament of Reign

Answer 11

7 November 1485

This demonstrated Henry’s authority

During the first meeting, Henry was quickly obliged and formally recognised as King

Question 12

Hanseatic League

Answer 12

The Hanseatic League dominated trade in Northern Europe

Ships from the Hanseatic League were the primary carriers of English goods abroad - resulting in the decline of English merchant shipping

Question 13

Henry VII Coronation

Answer 13

30 October 1485

No expense was spared for the coronation

£8 per yard of gold cloth

40 shillings per yard of purple velvet robe

Ordinary soldiers earned 2 and a half shillings per day

Question 14

Henry VII Death

Answer 14

21 April 1509

Died in London Borough of Richmond upon the Thames

Question 15

Invasion of France

Answer 15

October 1942

Henry wanted to claim the French throne

Parliament voted for two subsidies that paid for a substantial force of 26,000 men

They crossed the channel at Boulogne

The advisors of Charles VIII wanted to get rid of Henry VII to leave them free to concentrate all resources in Northern Italy, resulting in the Treaty of Etaples (French Pension)

Henry made it as though France paid to get rid of Henry

Question 16

Justices of the Peace (JPs)

Answer 16

Judical officers elected or appointed by means of a commission to keep the peace (similar to police but NOT police)

Question 17

Lambert Simnel / Battle of Stoke

Answer 17

1486 - 87

Simnel was an impersonator of Edward (Earl of Warwick) one of the Princes in the Tower

He met up with Margret of Burgundy and John de la Pole who helped to raise an army of 3000 men

He was crowned King of Ireland

The army crossed into England and they were defeated at the Battle of Stoke

Henry produced the Earl of Warwick from the tower to prove that Simnel was fake

Question 18

Magnus Intercursus

Answer 18

February 1496

Major and long-lasting treaty signed by Henry VII (England) and Phillip IV (Burgundy)

Other signatories included the commercial powers of Venice, Florence, Netherlands and the Hanseatic League

Question 19

Malus Intercursus

Answer 19

1506

Known as the “Evil Treaty” intended the replace the Magnus Intercursus

This replacement involved removal of all duties on England textile exports without reciprocity and with little compensation for the Burgundians

Question 20

Married Elizabeth of York

Answer 20

18 January 1486

Married Elizabeth after Henry was officially crowned King of England which united the two houses (The Wars of the Roses)

Elizabeth had children with Henry VII (2 girls, 2 boys - Elizabeth, Mary, Arthur and Henry VIII)

Question 21

Navigation Acts

Answer 21

1st Act 1485 - 1486

2nd Act 1489

This act prohibited English merchant from loading their goods onto foreign ships if English ships were available

An English merchant ship was made up of at least 50% Englishmen