Henry VII: Coming to and Securing the throne

Question 1

What type of claim did Henry VII have to the throne?

Answer 1

A weak one

Question 2

Why was Henry VII’s claim to the throne weak?

Answer 2

It was through his mother who married a descendant of Edward III

Question 3

Why did Henry’s weak claim present a problem?

Answer 3

It meant that other people could challenge for the crown

Question 4

When was the Battle of Bosworth ?

Answer 4

22 August 1485

Question 5

How did Richard III become king?

Answer 5

Usurped the throne from his nephew Edward V

Question 6

Who was Richard III’s brother?

Answer 6

Edward IV

Question 7

Where did Henry Tudor grow up?

Answer 7

Pembroke Castle - South Wales

Question 8

Who did Henry Tudor grow up with? why?

Answer 8

Jasper Tudor - his uncle after his dad died.

Question 9

Although it was a weak claim, why was it worth a shot?

Answer 9

Was the best claim for the Lancastrians

Question 10

What divided England in the 15th century?

Answer 10

War of the Roses

Question 11

How many infantry did Richard have at the Battle of Bosworth?

Answer 11

Around 3,000

Question 12

Which social group supported Richard but didn’t generally like him?

Answer 12

Nobility

Question 13

How many troops did Northumberland have for Richard?

Answer 13

Around 4000

Question 14

Where was Northumberland’s army mainly from?

Answer 14

North

Question 15

Who was the Duke of Northumberland?

Answer 15

Henry Percy

Question 16

Who were the Stanley brothers?

Answer 16

William and Thomas

Question 17

What was the issue with the Stanley brothers?

Answer 17

They never fully committed to one side, they always seemed to swap and go for who was doing better

Question 18

What personal link did Thomas Stanley have with Henry Tudor?

Answer 18

Married to his mum Elizabeth of York

Question 19

What was suspicious about the Stanley brothers?

Answer 19

They held talks with Henry days before the Battle of Bosworth

Question 20

Who helped Henry Tudor with several thousand Welshmen?

Answer 20

Rhys ap Thomas

Question 21

Who helped Henry Tudor with several thousand Englishmen?

Answer 21

Earl of Oxford

Question 22

How many troops did the French King give Henry Tudor?

Answer 22

1,800

Question 23

Where did Henry Tudor go into exile with Jasper?

Answer 23

France

Question 24

What did Henry not have that Rhys and Earl of Oxford did?

Answer 24

Military experience

Question 25

What is significant about the day Henry Tudor declares himself Henry VII?

Answer 25

It’s the day before he officially wins the Battle of Bosworth and therefore he can punish anyone who fought against him in the last day

Question 26

When did Henry declare himself King Henry VII?

Answer 26

21 August 1485

Question 27

What is significant about Henry VII being officially crowned King before he calls his first parliament?

Answer 27

He is king by right of conquest not right of parliament; it shows he doesn’t need parliament to be king

Question 28

When is Henry Tudor officially crowned Henry VII?

Answer 28

30 October 1485

Question 29

When does Henry VII officially call his first parliament?

Answer 29

7 November 1485

Question 30

What did Henry do with those that fought against him?

Answer 30

Forgave most of them when they swore loyalty as he needed to get them on side with having no actual links to current govt or monarchy with being out of Britain for so long.

Question 31

What does Henry VII have against Henry Percy, duke of Northumberland (2)?

Answer 31

1) Richard III’s army although he didn’t commit troops to army potentially leading to Richard’s defeat
2) Held important Yorkist positions in the North

Question 32

What does Henry VII do with Henry Percy?

Answer 32

Imprisoned until 1485

Restored titles when loyalty proven

Question 33

What does Henry VII have against Thomas Howard, Earl of Surrey(2)?

Answer 33

1) Led Richard’s troops at Bosworth

2) His dad died in the battle (may want revenge)

Question 34

What does Henry VII do with Thomas Howard?

Answer 34

Act of attainder - strips of all titles and land

Reverses once he proves loyalty

Question 35

How does Thomas Hoard prove his loyalty?

Answer 35

Refuses to escape with the Earl of Lincoln

Question 36

Name two people Henry rewards for being part of his army?

Answer 36

John Morton

Uncle Jasper Tudor

Question 37

How is Jasper Tudor rewarded by Henry VII?

Answer 37

Titles;
Lord Justice of Wales
Lieutenant of Ireland

Question 38

How is John Morton rewarded by Henry VII?

Answer 38

Archbishop of Canterbury now

Question 39

What type of country is England when Henry VII comes to power and why?

Answer 39

Bitterly divided

Years of civil war.

Question 40

What are two ways Henry ends the civil war and brings both houses together?

Answer 40

1) Combines both roses to make the Tudor Rose

2) Married Elizabeth of York

Question 41

What do Elizabeth and Henry do together that displays unity and power?

Answer 41

Travel to all royal houses from London to York?

Question 42

Why is it significant for Henry VII to travel to York in the beginning?

Answer 42

So people see him as King, no king had travelled before. It was also mainly Yorkist

Question 43

Who is born in 1486?

Answer 43

Prince Arthur

Question 44

Why is the birth of their first son, Arthur, significant?

Answer 44

Provides a successor of the Tudor Dynasty