Henry VII

Question 1

King’s council

Answer 1

The king ruled with a council of advisers who supported him in making key decisions. Around 227 men are recorded as having attended council during his reign. In practice, however, Henry’s actual working council was a much smaller affair with around six or seven members

Question 2

Types of councillors

Answer 2

1.Members of the nobility such as Lord Daubney and Dynham, though the working council only rarely included the great magnates of the realm
2.Churchmen such as John Morton and Richard Fox, who often had legal training and were excellent administrators
3.Laymen,either gentry or lawyers, who were skilled administrators such as Reginald Bray and Edmund Dudley

Question 3

Lambert simnell and the rebellion of the earl of Lincoln 1487

Answer 3

Yorkist conspiracy arranged by earl of Lincoln using simnell as figurehead
Simnell impersonated earl of Warwick who was it the Tower of London, was crowned at king Edward in Ireland in may 1487
Henry displayed real earl of Warwick in london
Lincoln fled to Margaret of burgundy’s court, Margaret sent a force of mercenaries to invade England and support simnell
Henry neutralised support in north by reinstating earl of Northumberland
Rebels tried to gain support in north riding of Yorkshire but failed
Henry defeated mercenaries at battle of stoke June 1487 and the earl of Lincoln was killed

Question 4

Perkin warbeck imposture 1491-1499

Answer 4

1491- began to impersonate Richard Duke of York in Ireland
1492- fled to court of Margaret of burgundy where he was trained to be a potential yorkist prince and began to draw English courtiers into conspiracy
1495- attempted to land in England but was quickly defeated and fled to James IV court
1496- tried to invade England with small Scottish army but but soon retreated. James agreed to marry Margaret
1497- tried to claim throne by exploiting Cornish rebellion. Captured and treated leniently at first but tried to escape
1499- executed

Question 5

Breton crisis 1487-1498

Answer 5

Duke of Brittany aged and had no male heirs- Anne of Brittany became Anne of beaujeu’s ward and wants to marry her to Charles so france can absorb Brittany
Diplomacy with Brittany- commits to military aid in treaty of Redon
Maximilian married Anne by proxy but France attack and Anne is forced to marry Charles in dec 1491
Prepared invasion fleets but sets sail late in battle season, panda in Calais but remains there for a month, besiege Boulogne
France keen to be rid of English troops and made peace at Etaples 1942. France payed England a pension of £50,000 per annum. France give no further support to PW

Question 6

Burgundy Habsburgs

Answer 6

Placed an embargo on trade 1493-96 in order to secure his position (prioritised this over trade)
Intercursus Magnus 1496 restored trade on basis Margaret accepts the Tudor succession

Question 7

Treaty of medina del campo (1489)

Answer 7

Mutual protection from attack
Agreed not to harbour rebels or pretenders
Arranged marriage of Arthur and Catherine

Question 8

Scotland

Answer 8

1485-95 Anglo Scottish relations tense
1495-96 James IV supported perkin warbeck and provided small army to invade England
1497- England and Scotland made truce of ayton
1503- James married Margaret

Question 9

Cornish rebellion 1497

Answer 9

Arose from the need to finance the campaign against Scotland. A mob protested against the taxation, blaming the king and ministers such as Morton and Bray
Large numbers involved (15000)
PW attempted to exploit it
A March in london reached Blackheath questioning the effectiveness of maintaining order in the countryside

Question 10

Agrarian economy

Answer 10

As the population increased in the 1480s and 1490s there was a move towards sheep farming because of the increase in demand for wool as trade developed
Development most acute in the lowland zone