Henry 7 - foreign policy Flashcards
What were HVII’s main foreign policy aims
national security
establishing tudor dynasty
defence of trade
Why did the French invasion of Brittany in 1487 alarm HVII ?
sense of obligation/loyalty
increased threat of invasion (entire coastline)
What was the Treaty of Redon ?
1489
Anne of Brittany would pay for a small English army to protect Brittany
Why was the Treaty of Redon a failure ?
Anne married Charles VIII of France - breaking the marriage-by-proxy with Maximilian of HRE
Max. lost interest and English army was left marooned
When did HVII invade France and why was it a gamble ?
1492
used his agents’ intelligence that CVIII was more interested in the Italian states - therefore seeking peace settlement
What was the Treaty of Etaples ?
1492
france agreed to withdraw support for Warbeck
pay pension as compensation
What were early relations likes with Burgundy ?
reliant for trade - ports of Netherlands under jurisdiction
complicating factor = Margaret of Burgundy = RIII sister = diabolical duchess
worsened due to offering hospitality to Warbeck
What did HVII do to try ease the impact of Burgundy offering Warbeck support ?
imposed a trade embargo
What were the consequences of the trade embargo ?
unpopular in London/east coast - prepared to sacrifice commercial interests
How did relations improve with Burgundy ?
Intercursus Magnus 1496
Treaty of Windsor 1506
What was the Treaty of Medina del Campo ?
1489
Spain/England mutual protection
marriage alliance Prince Arthur and Catherine of Aragon
What were the problems with the Treaty of Medina del Campo ?
arrangements for royal wedding not smooth - Ferdinand not keen whilst Perkin Warbeck still at large
arguments over size of dowry
What happened in 1502 ?
Prince Arthur died
HVII suggest marriage with Prince Henry - Ferdinand declined
little need for english alliance
Why did Henry VII ultimately lose enthusiasm for a marriage between Prince Henry and Catherine of Aragon ?
Isabella of Castille died - Ferdinand not such a key political figure anymore
Who did HVII support in the succession struggle ?
Juana (daughter) > Ferdinand
What was the Treaty of Windsor ?
Philip (of Burgundy) and Juana shipwreck on English coast
HVII takes advantage
return of Earl of Suffolk
How did Henry become diplomatically isolated in 1506 ?
Philip of Burgundy dies
Juana goes mad
Ferdinand = regent of Castille
Ferdinand ensured no marriage of Prince Henry and CofA in his lifetime
What were relations like with Scotland for much of Henry’s reign ?
tense - auld alliance
but mostly cordial
Why did problems arise in relation to Scotland ?
1495/96
James IV = of age
offers Warbeck hospitality
What happened when Scotland invaded in 1496 ?
small army led by Warbeck
spent little time in England
gained no support in north
What were relations liked with Scotland from 1498 onwards?
improved - no use for Warbeck
1503 - Treaty of Perpetual Peace
JIV marry Princess Margaret
What power did England have over Ireland ?
the ‘Pale’
rest of Ireland = barons
dominant = Earl of Kildare
Why did Kildare worry HVII ?
Yorkist sympathies
supprted Lambert Simnel
and Warbeck
What did HVII do instead of relying on cheap aristocracy ?
early 1490’s
costly = appointing infant Prince Henry as Lieutenant of Ireland and Sir Poynings and Deputy
