Henry 7 - consolidation of power

Question 1

When was the Battle of Bosworth?

Answer 1

22nd August 1485

Question 2

When did Henry date his reign and why?

Answer 2

21st August 1485

Day before the Battle of Bosworth - all of Richard’s supporters could be charged with treason

Question 3

Name initial steps taken by Henry to consolidate power

Answer 3

• dated reign before Bosworth
• 11 knighthoods to supporters
• Captured the Earl of Warwick
• Coronation 30th October - before 1st parliament
• Acts of Attainder against Yorkists
• Married Elizabeth of York - January 1486
• heir - Prince Arthur born in September 1486

Question 4

What was one of Henry’s most important aims?

Answer 4

To secure his reign and establish the Tudor Dynasty

Question 5

When was the Lovell and Stafford Conspiracy?

Answer 5

1486

Question 6

What happened in the Lovell and Stafford conspiracy?

Answer 6

• Lovell tried to raise forces in Yorkshire
• Stafford tried to raise forces in the Midlands
• The rebellion was easily supressed

Question 7

What were the outcomes of the Lovell and Stafford conspiracy?

Answer 7

• Lovell escaped to the court of Margaret of Burgundy
• Stafford was captured and executed
• The lack of Yorkist enthusiasm for an uprising was displayed

Question 8

When was the Lambert Simnel and Earl of Lincoln Rebellion?

Answer 8

1487

Question 9

What happened in the Lambert Simnel and Earl of Lincoln Rebellion?

Answer 9

• Lambert Simnel posed as the Earl of Warwick
• Simnel was crowned King of Ireland in 1487
• Conspiracy was organised by John de la Pole - Earl of Lincoln
• In response, Henry had the real Earl of Warwick displayed in London
• The rebellion quickly fell apart

Question 10

What were the outcomes of the Lambert Simnel and Ear of Lincoln Rebellion?

Answer 10

• Lincoln fled to the court of Margaret of Burgundy (joined Lovell)

they persuaded Margaret to support Simnel, by financing mercenaries to invade England

Question 11

When was the Battle of Stoke Field?

Answer 11

1487

Question 12

What happened at the Battle of Stoke Field?

Answer 12

• Henry’s army met Lovell and John de la Pole’s forces at Stoke field
• Henry’s army was led effectively by Earl of Oxford to victory

Question 13

What were the outcomes and significance of Stoke Field?

Answer 13

• Earl of Lincoln was killed
• Henry spared Simnel
• His mild treatment of Simnel won over some Yorkists
• He had displayed military leadership and organisational skills
• The victory further secured Henry’s position

Question 14

Who was Perkin Warbeck?

Answer 14

• persistent threat over 8 years
• claimed to be Richard Duke of York
• his acceptance of Patronage from foreign powers made him a more serious threat

Question 15

When did Perkin Warbeck first start impersonating Richard Duke of York?

Answer 15

1491

Question 16

What happened in 1495?

What was the outcome?

Answer 16

Perkin Warbeck’s first attempt to invade England?

Invasion was a huge fiasco and Henry easily defeated him - he had been warned ahead of time

Question 17

What were the outcomes of Warbeck’s invasion in 1495?

Answer 17

• Warbeck escaped and fled to Scotland, in the court of James IV
• William Stanley (Lord Chamberlain and Henry’s uncle) was revealed as a traitor, as he was plotting with Warbeck
• Stanley was executed in 1495

Question 18

When was Perkin Warbeck next invasion and what happened?

Answer 18

1496

Warbeck led a small force across the Scottish border but quickly retreated

Warbeck lost the support of James IV after a marriage alliance was agreed between James and Margaret, Henry’s daughter

Question 19

When was Perkin Warbeck’s final invasion of England and what happened?

Answer 19

1497

• tried to exploit the Cornish Rebellion
• his forces were crushed and Warbeck surrendered

Question 20

What were the outcomes of Warbeck’s final inavsion?

Answer 20

initially, Warbeck allowed to stay in court

Confined to the Tower when he tried to abscond (leave hurriedly to avoid arrest)

After allegedly trying to escape with the Earl of Warwick, Warbeck was executed in 1499

Question 21

Arguments for Henry’ success

Answer 21

• held on to the throne
• established a dynasty with an heir
• united the House of York and Lancaster
• displayed royal leadership

Question 22

Arguments against Henry’s success

Answer 22

• betrayal of William Stanley - Displays Henry ta his most vulnerable
• uprising showed unrest
• demoralisation of Yorkists helped Henry stay in power