Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Plunkett Emergency > Hemotologic Emergencies > Flashcards

Hemotologic Emergencies Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Royal College: Emergency Medicine flashcards
1
Q

What history is sometimes seen with anemia?

A 
Anorexia
Pica
Lethargy
Collapse
Syncope
See if they are on any medications
Exposures to parasites, toxins, or heat
Any recent blood loss (hematuria, melena, hematochezia, epistaxis, hemoptysis)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What physical exam findings are seen with anemia?

A 
Pale mucous membranes
Ecchymoses
Grade I-II/ VI heart murmur 
Bounding pulses
Tachycardia
Rectal exams show melena
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What PCV indicates severe anemia in the dog?

A

< 18%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What PCV indicates moderate anemia In the dog?

A

18-29%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What PCV indicates mild anemia in the dog?

A

30-36%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What red blood cell parameters indicate regenerative anemia?

A

Macrocytic (increased MCV)
Hypochromic (decreased MCHC)
Retticulocyte count > 60,000
Reticulocyte index > 2.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What values are seen with hemolytic anemia?

A

Strong to moderate regenerative response
Leukocytosis
Neutrophilia with left shift
Monocytosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is a normal manual platelet count? What is a clinically significant thrombocytopenia on manual count?

A

8-12/ hpf

3-4/ hpf is clinically significant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the difference between blood loss and hemolysis with hypoproteinemia?

A

Blood loss will usually have hypoproteinemia

Hemolysis will be normal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is measured with ACT?

A

Intrinsic and common pathway

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is measured with PT?

A

Extrinsic and common pathway

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is measured with PTT?

A

Intrinsic and common pathway

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What rate should be used for red blood cell administration?

A

5-10 mL/kg/hr

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

When should you be checking PCV after giving a blood transfusion?

A

1hr, 24 hr, 72hr

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What immunosuppressive drugs can be used in patients with IMHA that continue to display anema?

A 
Pred
Dex
Azathiaprine
Cyclophoshamide
Mycophenolate 
Splenectomy in cases refractory or with clinical signs
Leflunomide
Cyclosporine
If patient is stable, wean off meds by 25% every 2 weeks through 6 weeks
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What PCV indicated severe anemia in the cat?

A

< 14%

17
Q

What PCV indicated moderate anemia in the cat?

A

15-19%

18
Q

What PCV indicated mild anemia in the cat?

A

20-24%

19
Q

What medication is useful for cat with non-responsive IMHA?

A

Chlorambucil

20
Q

What is considered a mild thrombocytopenia in the dog?

A

<100000

21
Q

What is considered a moderate thrombocytopenia in the dog?

A

<60,000

22
Q

What is considered a severe thrombocytopenia in the dog?

A

< 30,000

Associated with increased risk of hemorrhage

23
Q

What is the equivalent of 1 platelet per high powered field?

A

15,000

24
Q

What is normal buccal mucosal time in dogs?

A

2-3 minutes

Prolonged with thrombocytopenia, thrombocytopathia, von Willebrand’s

25
Q

What breeds are associated with factor I deficiency?

A

Saint Bernards
Vizslas
Collies
Borzois

26
Q

What breeds are associated with factor II deficiency?

A

Boxers
Cocker Spaniels
Devon Rex cats

27
Q

What breeds are associated with factor VII deficiency?

A 
Beagles
Alaskan Malamutes
miniatures Schnauzers
Boxers 
English Bulldogs
28
Q

What breeds are associated with factor VIII deficiency?

A

mixed breeds

Devon Short Hair

29
Q

What places should you check for on physical exam for coagulopathies?

A 
Subcutaneous tissues
Muscles
Hematoma
Petechia
Ecchymoses on oral, scleral, penile, vulvar, conjunctival mm)
Joints
Icterus
30
Q

What signs are seen with coagulopathies?

A

Hematomas are common
Bleeding is localized, common in muscles and joints
Delayed at first then start again
Petechiae are rare

31
Q

What signs are seen with platelet or vascular disorders?

A

Petechiae are common
Bleeding in multiple locations, mucous membranes common
Prolonged bleeding time from cuts
Hematomas are rare

32
Q

What is the recommended treatment for von Willebrands? What is a suitable alternative?

A

Cryoprecipitate is ideal

Fresh frozen plasma is an alternative

33
Q

How should yunnan baiyao be dosed?

A

5 days on, 5 days off

34
Q

What is the prognosis for DIC?

A

Guarded to poor

35
Q

What is the most common cause of hemoperitoneum?

A

Trauma (HBC, kicked, gunshots, dog fight, foreign body)

36
Q

When should whole red blood cells be given to patients?

A

When PCV < 25%

37
Q

When should plasma be administered to patients?

A

When TS < 4.0

Plunkett Emergency (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions