HEMOSTASIS Flashcards
1
Q
- The process by which blood remains fluid and clots only when necessary.
A
Hemostasis
2
Q
- The term for uncontrolled bleeding due to absent procoagulant proteins.
A
Hemorrhage
3
Q
- Pathologic clotting due to deficient anticoagulant proteins.
A
Thrombosis
4
Q
- This component of hemostasis regulates vascular integrity.
A
Blood vessels
5
Q
- This blood element forms a temporary plug at injury sites.
A
Platelets
6
Q
- The plasma proteins responsible for clot formation and dissolution.
A
Coagulation and fibrinolytic proteins
7
Q
- The first response to vascular injury.
A
Primary hemostasis
8
Q
- Protein that helps platelets adhere to damaged vessel walls.
A
Von willebrand factor
9
Q
- The process that stabilizes a platelet plug via the coagulation cascade.
A
Secondary hemostasis
10
Q
- The enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin.
A
Thrombin
11
Q
- Final step in hemostasis involving clot breakdown.
A
Fibrinolysis
12
Q
- Layer of blood vessels composed of endothelial cells.
A
Tunica intima
13
Q
- Vasodilator that inhibits platelet activation and is secreted by ECs.
A
Prostacyclin (PGI2)
14
Q
- Vasodilator that also promotes angiogenesis.
A
Nitric oxide (NO)
15
Q
- Inhibits the TF:VIIa: Xa complex.
A
Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI)
16
Q
- Activates protein C when bound to thrombin.
A
Thrombomodulin
17
Q
- Enhances antithrombin activity.
A
Heparin sulfate
18
Q
- Anticoagulant drug that mimics heparan sulfate.
A
Heparin
19
Q
- The platelet receptor that binds VWF under high shear stress.
A
GPIb/IX/X
20
Q
- The glycoprotein that helps bridge platelets during aggregation.
A
Fibrinogen
21
Q
- Granule type in platelets containing factor V and VWF.
A
a-granule
22
Q
- Granule type in platelets containing serotonin and ADP.
A
Dense granule
23
Q
- Platelet receptor essential for aggregation.
A
GPIIb/IIIa
24
Q
- A deficiency in this receptor causes Glanzmann thrombasthenia.
A
GPIIb/IIIa
25
25. This syndrome results from absence of GPIb/IX/V.
Bernard-soulier syndrome
26
26. The prostaglandin derived from arachidonic acid that promotes aggregation.
Thromboxane A2
27
27. The enzyme that converts arachidonic acid to prostaglandin H2.
Cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1)
28
28. The phospholipid that appears on activated platelet surfaces for clotting.
Phosphatidylserine
29
29. Blood cell that provides bulk and structure to a clot.
Red blood cells (erythrocytes)
30
30. Leukocyte that expresses tissue factor in inflammation.
Monocyte
31
31. Factor that initiates the extrinsic pathway.
Tissue factor (TF)
32
32. Platelet-surface complex that converts prothrombin to thrombin.
Prothrombinase complex
33
33. Platelet-derived cofactor for factor X activation in the intrinsic pathway.
Factor VIIIa
34
34. Serine protease that converts fibrinogen to fibrin.
Thrombin
35
35. Factor that cross-links fibrin polymers.
Factor XIIIa
36
36. Most abundant plasma procoagulant.
Fibrinogen
37
37. Three polypeptide chains in fibrinogen.
Aa, Bb, and y chain
38
38. Chain cleaved to release fibrinopeptides A and B.
Aa and Bb chain
39
39. Receptor on platelets that binds fibrinogen.
GPIIb/IIIa
40
40. Platelet receptor that binds directly to collagen.
GPVI
41
41. The complex that activates factor X in the extrinsic pathway.
TF:VIIa complex
42
42. The complex that activates prothrombin.
Xa:Va complex (prothrombinase
43
43. The zymogen that becomes thrombin.
Xa:Va complex (prothrombinase)
44
44. The clotting factor stabilized by von Willebrand factor.
Factor VIII
45
45. The disease resulting from VWF deficiency.
Von willebrand disease
46
46. The name for inactive enzymes in coagulation.
Zymogen
47
47. The function of cofactors in coagulation.
Enhance enzyme activity
48
48. Factor that acts as the primary substrate of thrombin.
Fibrinogen
49
49. Vitamin required for y-carboxylation of some coagulation factors.
Vitamin K
50
50. Group of factors dependent on vitamin K.
Prothrombin group ( II, VII, IX, X)
51
51. Drug that inhibits vitamin K recycling.
Warfarin
52
52. The name of nonfunctional clotting proteins due to vitamin K deficiency.
PIVKA ( protein induced by vitamin K Antagonists
53
53. Complex that includes TF and FVIla.
PIVKA ( protein induced by vitamin K Antagonists)
54
54. Complex composed of IXa and VIIla.
Intrinsic tenase complex
55
55. Complex that generates a thrombin burst.
Prothrombinase complex
56
56. Cofactor for FX activation in intrinsic pathway.
Factor VIIIa
57
57. Factor IX is also called:
Christmas factor
58
58. Factor XI initiates what pathway?
Intrinsic pathway
59
59. Activated protein that degrades factors Va and VIIla.
Activated protein C (APC)
60
60. Cofactor of APC.
Protein S
61
61. Receptor that enhances protein C activation.
Endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR)
62
62. Antithrombin's primary targets.
Thrombin, FXa
63
63. Drug that enhances antithrombin's activity.
Heparin
64
64. Natural thrombin inhibitor that requires heparin.
Heparin cofactor II (HCII)
65
65. Coagulation regulator that inhibits TF:VIIa:FXa.
TFPI (TISSUE FACTOR PATHWAY INHIBITOR)
66
66. Activated FXIII function.
Cross-linking fibrin polymers
67
67. Primary fibrinolytic enzyme.
Plasmin
68
68. Inactive form of plasmin.
Plasminogen
69
69. Enzyme that activates plasminogen on fibrin.
Tissue plasminogen activator (TPA)
70
70. Inhibitor of TPA and UPA.
PAI-1 (plasminogen activator inhibitor-1)
71
71. Serpin that inhibits free plasmin.
a2-antiplasmin
72
72. Fibrinolysis inhibitor activated by thrombin-TM complex.
TAFI (thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor)
73
73. Specific degradation product of cross-linked fibrin.
D-dimer
74
74. Initial product of fibrinogen degradation.
Fragment X
75
75. Protease that starts intrinsic pathway by binding to charged surfaces.
Factor XII
76
76. Coagulation pathway activated by tissue trauma.
Entrinsic pathway
77
77. Coagulation test that assesses intrinsic pathway.
aPTT (activated partial thromboplastin time)
78
78. Coagulation test that assesses extrinsic pathway.
PT (prothrombin time)
79
79. Factor with no Roman numeral designation synthesized by platelets.
Platelet Factor 3 (PF3)
80
80. Factor synthesized by megakaryocytes and monocytes.
Factor XIII (a-subunit)
81
81. Cofactor in contact activation pathway.
High-molecule-weight kininogen (HMWK)
82
82. Factor that binds to platelet GPIb/IX/V.
Von willebrand factor
83
83. Large multimeric protein cleaved by ADAMTS13.
Von willebrand factor
84
84. Clot type formed in arteries.
White cloth
85
85. Clot type formed in veins.
Red clot
86
86. Protein that binds TPA and plasminogen to fibrin.c
Fibrin
87
87. Positive feedback enzyme for its own production.
Thrombin
88
88. A transmembrane protein that initiates extrinsic coagulation.
Tissue factor
89
89. The acute-phase reactant increased during inflammation.
Fibrinogen
90
90. Primary platelet receptor for collagen under low shear.
GPVI
91
91. Factor that converts prothrombin to thrombin.
Factor Xa
92
92. First step in platelet function after injury.
Adhesion
93
93. Condition caused by absence of fibrinogen.
Afibrinogenemia
94
94. Platelet disorder from lack of GPIIb/Illa.
Glanzmann thrombasthenia
95
95. Site of coagulation factor synthesis.
Liver
96
96. Type of enzyme most coagulation factors are.
Serine proteases
97
97. Small molecule stored in dense granules important in aggregation.
ADP
98
98. Platelet-derived vasoconstrictor.
Serotonin
99
99. Marker for thrombin generation in plasma.
fibrinopeptides A and B
100
100. Primary purpose of fibrinolysis. Dissolution of fibrin clots
Dissolution of fibrin clots
