Hemodynamics part 3 meds

Question 1

“Midrange” dopamine 5-10 mcg/kg/min

Answer 1

increases contractility by stimulating beta 1 receptors

Question 2

“high-dose” dopamine >10mcg/kg/min

Answer 2

Increases afterload

stimulates the alpha receptors in the arteries to cause vasoconstriction

Question 3

Dobutamine

Answer 3

increases contractility

stimulates beta-1 receptors in the heart to increase contractility

Question 4

Nitroglycerin

Answer 4

decreases preload

at lower doses it causes venodilation and results in a decrease in preload

Question 5

norepinephrine

Answer 5

increases afterload

a potent vasoconstrictor that stimulates the alpha receptors of the arteries

Question 6

Beta blockers

Answer 6

decreases contractility as well as decreased HR

block the beta-1 receptors of the heart, blocking the adrenergic effects of the autonomic nervous system from affecting the heart

Question 7

Nitroprusside

Answer 7

decrease in both preload and afterload

dilates both the venous and arterial sides of the vascular system

Question 8

ACE inhibitors

Answer 8

decrease in afterload

blocks the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. Angiotensin II is a potent constrictor. By blocking its formation, the arterial vessels dilate more, resulting in decreased afterload.

Question 9

Furosemide

Answer 9

reduce preload

a potent loop diuretic and venodilator. The resulting diuresis and venodilation cause a reduction in preload.

Question 10

fluid bolus

Answer 10

increases preload

increases the volume in the vasculature

Question 11

milrinone

Answer 11

increases contractility

a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, it stimulates cardiac muscle contraction

Question 12

morphine

Answer 12

reduces preload

mildly dilates the venous bed, thereby reducing preload. It may be used in low doses to treat heart failure.