Hemodynamic parameters

Question 1

CO

Answer 1

4-8 l/min

Question 2

CI

Answer 2

2.5-4.2 L/MIN

Question 3

CVP

Answer 3

2-6 MM HG

Question 4

RAP

Answer 4

2-6 MM HG

Question 5

LAP

Answer 5

8-12 MM HG

Question 6

PAOP

Answer 6

8-12 MM HG

Question 7

PAP

Answer 7

SYSTOLIC: 15-25 MM HG
DIASTOLIC: 8-15 MM HG

Question 8

SV

Answer 8

60-130 ML/BEAT

Question 9

SVR

Answer 9

770-1500 DYNES/SEC/CM

Question 10

PVR

Answer 10

<250 DYNES/SEC/CM

Question 11

LVEDV/LVEDP

Answer 11

4-12 MM HG

Question 12

JVP

Answer 12

7-9 CM

Question 13

SERUM LACTATE

Answer 13

0.6-1.5

Question 14

noninvasive hemodynamic monitoring methods

Answer 14

• BP
• JVP
• SERUM LACTATE

Question 15

invasive hemodynamic monitoring methods

Answer 15

• arterial pressure monitoring
• pulmonary artery pressure monitoring
• right atrial pressure monitoring (aka CVP monitoring)

Question 16

indications for invasive arterial pressure monitoring

Answer 16

-those who are hemodynamically unstable, in need of frequent lab work, and being managed with vasoactive agents

Question 17

sites for arterial pressure monitoring

Answer 17

radial site (allen test)
femoral site
can use brachial arteries also or other smaller ones but they're avoided unless other access is unavailable

Question 18

minimum MAP to perfuse coronary arteries

Answer 18

> 60

Question 19

ideal MAP for cardiac patient to decrease LV workload

Answer 19

70-90

Question 20

MAP that may be necessary after carotid endarterectomy and neurosurgery and the MAP that increases cerebral perfusion pressure

Answer 20

90-110

Question 21

indications for CVP monitoring

Answer 21

pt with significant alteration in fluid volume (CVP helps guide fluid volume replacement in hypovolemia) and to assess the impact of diuresis after diuretic administration in the case of fluid overload

Question 22

insertion sites for CVCs and their considerations

Answer 22

• internal jugular vein: high infection rate
• subclavian vein: preferred if longer than 5 days, possibility for pneumothorax and phrenic nerve damage
• femoral vein: good for CRRT and plasmaphresis; possibility for mobility restriction, high infection rate

Question 23

complications of CVP monitoring

Answer 23

CHIPDAT

• carotid puncture
• heart perforation
• infection
• pneumothorax/hemothorax
• dysrhythmias
• air embolism
• thrombus formation

Question 24

patient position for CVP monitoring

Answer 24

HOB 0-60 degrees

Question 25

position for PA pressure cath insertion

Answer 25

trendelenburg or towel roll between shoulder blades if trendelenburg contraindicated

Question 26

complications of PA monitoring

Answer 26

IPDATPP

• infection
• pneumothorax/hemothorax
• dysrhythmia
• air embolism
• thromboembolism
• PA rupture
• pulmonary infarction

Question 27

what can cause errors in TdCO results

Answer 27

• tricuspid valve regurgitation (low CO)

- ventricular septal rupture (high CO)

Question 28

pt position for CCO

Answer 28

supine with HOB 45 degrees

Question 29

RVEDP/RVEDV

Answer 29

0-8 mm hg

Question 30

SVO2

Answer 30

60-70%

Question 31

SCVO2

Answer 31

65-85%