hemo exam 8 Flashcards
transfuse when (2)
when there are signs of tissue hypoxia, low PCV(15-20% dog, 10-15% cat)
when transfusing blood, better to use
components
for a dog to be a donor, needs to be
healthy, >50 lb, PCV >40%, current on vaccinations
tests run on potential canine donors
CBC, Chem Panel, U/A, fecal
how many DEA’s are there
13
what is the universal canine donor
A-
why is it the universal canine donor
because it lacks DEA 1.1, 1.2, 7
for a cat donor, needs to be
healthy, >10lb, PCV >30-35, current on vaccinHemabartoneations, indoor cat
test to run for cat donors
CBC, Chem panel, U/A,
For cat donors, screen for which diseases
hemabartonella, FeLV, FIV, FIP
for FIV testing test…
twice, 8-12 weeks apart
blood types in cats
A, B, AB
most common blood type in cats
A
blood types in exotics cats
B
B type blood in cats has
anti A antibodies
dogs can donate
10ml/lb every 3 weeks
dog 1 unit =
450 mls
procedure for canine blood donation 8
no sedation, surgical prep,clamp, place in jug, unclamp, rock bag, clamp, remove needle, strip tubing,
cats can donate
5ml/lb every 3 weeks
cat 1 unit=
56mls
sedatives to not use with cat donors
barbituates and acepromazine because hypotensive
gauge use for taking blood from cat donor
19 ga butterfly
how much anticoagulant in each syringe for cat donor
4 mls
use cat blood blood within
4 hours or put in transfer bag
after taking blood from cat replace
amount drawn with IV fluids
can collect blood in
plastic bag or glass bottle
advantages to collecting blood in plastic bag(4)
non-breakable, no vacuum, no activation factors, component separation easier
disadvantages to collection blood in plastic bag(2)
migration of plastic into blood, slow collection
advantages of collection blood in glass bottle (2)
speedy collection, no glass migrate into blood
disadvantage of blood collection into glass bottle (4)
cell trauma, breakable, glass activates coagulation factors, difficult to separates
shelf life of heparin
24hrs
heparin function
anticoagulant
3.8% Na Citrate shelf life
24hrs
3.8% Na Citrate function
anticoagulant
acid citrate dextrose (ACD) shelf life
21 days
Acid citrate dextrose shelf life
anticoagulant and preservative
Citrate phosphate dextrose (CPD) shelf life
21 days up to 23 days
Citrate phosphate dextrose function
anticoagulant and preservative
Citrate phosphate dextrose with adenine function
anticoagulant and preservative
Citrate phosphate dextrose with adenine shelf life
35 days
whole blood good for (2)
oxygen increasing and volume expansion
indications for giving whole blood
hypovolemic anemia
fresh whole blood (2)
whole blood used within 6 hours of collection, has platelets and clotting factors
Packed RBCs indication
anemic normovolemic
giving packed RBC instead of whole blood does what
decreases chances of circulatory overload
Fresh Frozen Plasma method to making
whole blood spun and separated within 6 hours and frozen
fresh frozen plasma expires
in 1 year
Fresh frozen plasma contains
coag factors and plasma protein
indication for using fresh frozen plasma(2)
bleeding disorders, give passive immunity
Stored plasma
clotting factors not as good
Only difference from stored plasma
separated after 6 hours
Method to make platelet rich plasma
spin at room temp at 2250 rpms for 4 minutes
temp to keep platelet rich plasma
room temp, never refrigerate
platelet rich plasma expires in
72 hours
indication of platelet rich plasma
thrombocytopenia
disadvantage of platelet rich plasma (2)
repeat transfusion due to short half life, increase chances reactions
indication cryopercipitate
hemophilia A, and VWD
best test for compatibility
crossmatch
anticoagulant used for the crossmatch
EDTA
for crossmatch, centrifuge samples at
3400 rpms for 1 minutes
after first centrifuge for crossmatch
remove and retain plasma
wash red cells with saline water to
remove any non-erythrocytic antigens
to make cell suspension, mix
02mls blood with .98 mld saline
Major cross match
2 drops donor red cell suspension, 2 drops recipient plasma
minor cross match
2 drops donor plasma 2 drops recipient red cell suspension
control
2 drops donor cell suspension, 2 drops donor plasma
incubate crossmatch for
30 minutes at room temp
to check for hemolysis during crossmatch fill
blue crit tube
1 endpoint observations for crossmatch
hemolysis, agglutination
technique to blood transfusion (4)
catheter, filter blood, warm, rate of admin
can transfuse blood 3 ways
IV, IO, IP
filter blood with
hemonate, admin set with filter
rate of admin when start blood transfusion
.11 mls/3/minute for first 15 minutes to observe transfusion reaction
indication for plasma transfusion (3)
hypoprteinemic, vital ds, warfarin tox
transfusion reactions, 2 types
nonimmunologic, immunologic
reasons for nonimmunologic reaction (5)
sepsis, dz transmission, allergic reaction to foreign protein, circulatory overload, hypothermia (arrythmias)
types immunologic reactions
immediate, delayed
immediate hypersensitivity usually requires
2nd transfusions
immediate hypersensitivity signs
salivation, V/D, dyspnea, death
delayed hypersensitivity shows
days to weeks after expression
delayed hypersensitivity signs
decreased PCV, Hburia, hemolysis over time
Oxyglobin is
bovine hemoglobin molecule
Oxyglobin shelf life
2 years at room temp
common use of oxyglobin
use at first response to buy time, no reaction
oxyglobin turns
MM brown
