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Heme/Onc > Heme/Onc FA > Flashcards

Heme/Onc FA Flashcards

1
Q

Auer rod

A

AML

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2
Q

C-myc

A

Burkitt lymphoma

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3
Q

t(8;14)

A

Burkitt lymphoma

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4
Q

Low hemoglobin + thrombocytopenia + absent hematopoietic cells in BM

A

Aplastic anemia

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5
Q

osmotic fragility test

A

hereditary spherocytosis

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6
Q

increased MCHC

A

hereditary spherocytosis

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7
Q

liver disease

A

factor Vii deficiency

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8
Q

Heinz bodies

A

G6PD

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9
Q

Bite cells

A

G6PD

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10
Q

Kozak consensus sequence mutation

A

thalassemia intermedia

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11
Q

acanthocyte (spur cell)

A

liver disease, abetalipoproteinemia

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12
Q

basophilic stippling

A

thalassemias, anemia of chronic dz., lead poisoning (“baste the ox TAiL)

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13
Q

macroovalocyte

A

megaloblastic anemia, marrow failure

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14
Q

ringed sideroblasts

A

sideroblastic anemia

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15
Q

schistocyte

A

DIC, TTP, HUS, traumatic hemolysis (mech damage)

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16
Q

spherocyte

A

hereditary spherocytosis, autoimmune hemolysis

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17
Q

teardrop cell

A

myelofibrosis

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18
Q

target cell

A

HbC disease, asplenia, liver dz., thalassemia

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19
Q

Howell-Jowell bodies

A

functional hyposplenia or asplenia, or after naphthalene (mothball) ingestion

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20
Q

Iron deficiency anemia + esophageal webs + atrophic glossitis

A

Plummer-Vinson syndrome

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21
Q

CD55/59 negative RBCs on flow cytometry

A

PNH

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22
Q

Warm agglutinin antibody

A

IgG

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23
Q

Cold agglutinin antibody

A

IgM

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24
Q

lead poisoning affected enzyme

A

ferrochelatase, ALAD

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25
Q

acute intermittent porphyria affected enzyme

A

porphobilinogen deaminase

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26
Q

porphyria cutanea tarda affected enzyme

A

uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase

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27
Q

GPIb defect

A

Bernard-Soulier syndrome

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28
Q

GPIIb/IIIa defect

A

Glanzmann’s thrombobasthenia

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29
Q

ristocetin

A

vWF disease

30
Q

vWF treatment

A

desmopressin

31
Q

sickle cell anemia treatment

A

hydroxyurea, BMT

32
Q

sideroblastic anemia treatment

A

pyridoxine (B6)

33
Q

inhibitors of ADP-induced expression of GpIIb/IIIa

A

ticlopidine, clopidogrel

34
Q

direct inhibitor of GPIIb/IIIa

A

abciximab

35
Q

vWF receptor

A

GPIb

36
Q

Fibrinogen receptor

A

GPIIb/IIIa

37
Q

drug that prevents mast cell degranulation

A

cromolyn sodium (used for asthma prophylaxis)

38
Q

elliptocyte

A

hereditary elliptocytosis

39
Q

chipped paint

A

lead poisoning

40
Q

Adult lead poisoning treatment

A

Dimercaprol, EDTA

41
Q

Kid lead poisoning treatment

A

Succimer (“It sucks to be a kid who eats lead”)

42
Q

orotic aciduria treatment

A

urinidine monophophate

43
Q

PNH treatment

A

eculizumab

44
Q

Glutamic acid to lysine mutation at residue 6 in beta globin

A

HbC

45
Q

hemolytic anemia in newborn

A

pyruvate kinase deficiency

46
Q

tea-colored urine

A

porphyria cutanea tarda

47
Q

port wine-colored urine

A

acute intermittent porphyria

48
Q

acute intermittent porphyria treatment

A

glucose and heme (inhibit ALA synthase)

49
Q

CD30+/CD15+

A

RS cells (Hodgkin lymphoma)

50
Q

binucleate or bilobed B cell (two halves are mirror images)

A

RS cells

51
Q

t(9,22)

A

CML (bcr-abl)

52
Q

t(8;14)

A

Burkitt’s lymphoma (c-myc)

53
Q

t(11;14)

A

mantle cell lymphoma (Cyclin D1)

54
Q

t(14;18)

A

follicular lymphoma (bcl-2_

55
Q

t(15;17)

A

M3 type of AML (responsive to all-trans retinoid acid)

56
Q

CML (bcr-abl) translocation

A

t(9;22)

57
Q

Burkitt lymphoma translocation

A

t(8;14)

58
Q

mantle cell lymphoma translocation

A

t(11;14)

59
Q

follicular lymphoma translocation

A

t(14;18)

60
Q

APL (AML) translocation

A

t(15;17)

61
Q

Birbeck granules on EM S-100+, CD1a+

A

langerhans cell histocytosis

62
Q

What does c-Myc do?

A

Transcription activator that controls cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis

63
Q

Epidermal growth factor receptor that has intracellular tyrosine kinase activity and is present in up to 30% of invasive breast cancers

A

HER2/neu oncogene

64
Q

Adult brain tumor that arises within the cerebral hemispheres and frequently crosses the midline; foci of necrosis and hemorrhage are seen on macroscopic examination

A

Glioblastoma multiforme

65
Q

What are the three most common primary brain tumors in adults?

A

Glioblastoma multiforme (astrocytoma), meningioma, acoustic neuroma (schwannoma)

66
Q

Proliferation signals –> CDK4 –> hyperphosphorylates Rb protein (inactivating it) –>

A

cells transition unchecked from G1 to S phase

67
Q

Integrin-mediated adhesion of cells to basement membrane and ECM involves binding to:

A

fibronectin, collagen, and laminin

68
Q

Intracellular enzyme involved in metabolism of pro-carcinogens that makes ppl more likely to get lung cancer

A

Microsomal monooxygenase

69
Q

waxing and waning LAD

A

follicular lymphoma

70
Q

what mediates paraneoplastic cachexia?

A

TNF-alpha

71
Q

Cerebellar tumor in a child

A

pilocytic astrocytoma or medulloblastoma

Heme/Onc (6 decks)

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