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First Aid Pharm > Heme/Onc > Flashcards

Heme/Onc Flashcards

1
Q

Phosphodiesterase III inhibitor –> increased cAMP in platelets –> inhibits platelet aggregation?

A

Cilostazol, Dipyridamole

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2
Q

Drug for intermittent claudication?

A

Cilostazol, Dipyradamole

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3
Q

GpIIb/IIIa inhibitors? Use? Toxicity?

A

Abciximab, Eptifibatide, Tirofiban
Used for acute coronary syndromes
Toxicity: Bleeding, thrombocytopenia

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4
Q

What cancer drugs work in the M phase?

A

Vinca alkaloids & taxols

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5
Q

What cancer drugs work in S phase?

A

Antimetabolites & Etoposide

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6
Q

What cancer drugs work in G2 phase?

A

Etoposide & Bleomycin

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7
Q

Inhibits dihydrofolate reductase?

A

Methotrexate

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8
Q

What is methotrexate ADE? How do you prevent it?

A

Myelosuppression; give Leucovorin (aka folic acid, aka N-5 formyl tetrahydrofolate)
-Other ADE: teratogen, mucositis

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9
Q

Inhibits thymidylate synthase?

A

5-FU

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10
Q

ADE of 5-FU? How to prevent?

A

Myelosuppression.. NOT reversible w/ leucovorin! (*Says FU to leucovorin)
Other ADE: photosensitivity

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11
Q

Pyrimadine analog that inhibits DNA polymerase?

A

Cytarabine

-ADE: leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, megaloblastic anemia

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12
Q

Purine analogs? How are they activated? Contraindication?

A
  1. Azathioprine
  2. 6-MP
  3. 6-TG
    * Activated by HGPRT
    - Contra’d w/ allopurinol**
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13
Q

Intercalates DNA.. used for childhood tumors?

A

Dactinomycin (children act out)

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14
Q

Generates free radicals, intercalates DNA –> DNA breaks? ADE?

A

Doxorubicin/Daunorubicin

*ADE: dilated cardiomyopathy (use Dexrazoxane)

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15
Q

Free radical formation –> breaks in DNA strands? ADE?

A

Bleomycin

*ADE: pulm fibrosis

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16
Q

Covalently crosslink DNA at guanine N-7. Require bioactivation by liver? ADE?

A

Cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide

*ADE: Hemorrhagic cystitis (prevent w/ mesna)

17
Q

Alkylator that requires bioactivation; crosses BBB to get in CNS?

A

Nitrosureas (the “mustines”)- Carmustine, lomustine, semustine, streptozocin

18
Q

DNA alkylator that causes pulmonary fibrosis. Can also be used to ablate bone marrow before transplantation?

A

Busulfan

19
Q

How do you prevent the nephrotoxicity of cisplatin/carboplatin?

A

Amifostine (free radical scavenger)

20
Q

This cancer drug is an estrogen antagonist in breast & agonist in bone & endometrial tissue

A

Tamoxifen.. Raloxifene is a breast and endometrial estrogen antagonist

21
Q

What drug treats CML (bcr-abl t(9;22))?

A

Imatinib

First Aid Pharm (1 decks)

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