Heme/immune

Question 1

Antigen

Answer 1

any foreing substance capable of forming an immune response - bacteria/virus/fungi/ etc.

Question 2

antibody

Answer 2

blood protein produced to counteract speciifc antigen in an immune response - immunoglobulin – fight off antigens

Question 3

Innate immunity

Answer 3

present at birth - first line defense - allows body to resist invasion by foreign agents - do not need previous exposure to activate a response

Question 4

adaptive/acquired immunity

Answer 4

gained after birth 0 previous exposure is required to be effective in fighitng off

Question 5

active aquired

Answer 5

intro of foreign antigen (vaccine)

Question 6

passive acquired

Answer 6

intro of performed antibody (breastfeeding) only lasts few weeks or month

Question 7

examples of innate immunity

Answer 7

phagocytosis, inflammatory process, cytokines, dendritic cells, acrophages, neutrophils (wbc)

Question 8

physcial barrier (innate)

Answer 8

prevent organisms from enterting body/body cavities - SKIN, mucuous membrane, epiglottis, respitaroy cilia, spchinters

Question 9

chemical barrier (innate)

Answer 9

create hostile environment to pathogens such as antibateiral agents, antibodies, acidity - lysozymes, lactic acid, hydrochloric acid

Question 10

mechanical barrier (innate)

Answer 10

help rid body of harmful substances by action - GI infection - diarrhea - intestinal peristalsis, lacrimation, urinary flow

Question 11

diagnostic tests: C-reactive protein (CRP)

Answer 11

inflammation/infection for high lievels - rheumatoid arthritis and lupus

Question 12

Antinuclear Antibody (ANA)

Answer 12

autoimmune disorder

Question 13

hume leukocyte antigen (HLA)

Answer 13

tissue compatibility for organ transplants

Question 14

eryhtrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)

Answer 14

inflamatory state of body

Question 15

immunoglobulins (Igs)

Answer 15

immunodeficienices - response to immunization

Question 16

latex allergy - what contains latex - healthcare setting and food

Answer 16

balloons, gloves, foley cath kit, apples, strawberries, bananas, kiwi, hazelnut, carrots, avoacdos, pineapple

Question 17

latex allergy - contacted and symptoms

Answer 17

contact/airborne - hives, itchy stuffy nose runny nose - respiratoy (chest tight, wheeze, dyspnea)

Question 18

tx of latex allergy

Answer 18

antihistamine and corticosteroids - or epi for severe

Question 19

Interventions for immunocompromised

Answer 19

positive pressure room, cooked foods only, no freshflowers/plants, no unpasterized milk/cheese, no unpeeled fresh fruit/veggies, no salad bar, no yogurt. mask on pt when out of room. nothing per rectum. neutropenic

Question 20

Autologous HSCT

Answer 20

comes from patient

Question 21

allogenic HSCT

Answer 21

comes from donor