Hematopoiesis & Erythropoiesis

Question 1

hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) give rise to

Answer 1

all blood cells

Question 2

___% of bone marrow cells are stem cells

Answer 2

0.5

Question 3

HSCs are also known as

Answer 3

pluripotential stem cells (PSCs)

Question 4

the three possible fates for an HSC

Answer 4

self-renewal, commitment to differentiation, apoptosis

Question 5

when a stem cell differentiates it becomes either a _________ or a __________

Answer 5

common lymphoid progenitor; common myeloid progenitor

Question 6

this glycoprotein on a stem cell’s surface allows it to be identified by immunophenotyping

Answer 6

CD34+

Question 7

progenitor cells make up __% of bone marrow cells

Answer 7

3

Question 8

progenitor cells that are able to produce colonies of cells in semisolid media in vitro are called

Answer 8

colony-forming units (CFUs)

Question 9

a progenitor cell becomes a maturing cell when it

Answer 9

takes on distinguishable morphological characteristics

Question 10

maturing cells make up ___% of bone marrow cells

Answer 10

95

Question 11

the cytokine erythropoietin is produced mainly in the

Answer 11

kidney

Question 12

function of stem cell factor/kit ligand/mast cell growth factor

Answer 12

stimulates proliferation and differentiation of stem cells (early-acting growth factor)

Question 13

colony-stimulating factors (CSFs) function

Answer 13

stimulates proliferation and differentiation of specific cell lineages (late-acting growth factor)

Question 14

function of interleukins

Answer 14

promote differentiation of white blood cells (both early- and late-acting)

Question 15

thrombopoietin is produced mainly in the

Answer 15

liver

Question 16

function of thrombopoietin

Answer 16

controls production and release of platelets (late-acting)

Question 17

erythropoieting stimulates proliferation of

Answer 17

CFU-E (late-acting)

Question 18

BFU-E is _________ to erythropoietin

Answer 18

relatively insensitive

Question 19

in the mesoblastic phase, hematopoiesis occurs in

Answer 19

the yolk sac of the embryo & tissues near the embryonic aorta

Question 20

the mesoblastic phase can begin at _________ and ends after _________

Answer 20

day 19 after fertilization; 6 - 8 weeks of gestation

Question 21

in the hepatic phase, hematopoiesis occurs primarily in the _____ and also the ____________

Answer 21

liver; spleen, kidney, thymus

Question 22

the hepatic phase begins at ________ and becomes primary at _________

Answer 22

week 5; the 3rd month

Question 23

hepatic phase sites continue to produce cells until

Answer 23

birth

Question 24

in the medullary phase, the red bone marrow becomes the primary site of hematopoiesis at

Answer 24

month 6

Question 25

the first bone

Answer 25

clavicle

Question 26

from birth until 5 - 7 years hematopoiesis occurs in which bones

Answer 26

all

Question 27

hematopoietic sites in adults

Answer 27

flat and irregular bones (ribs, sternum, vertebrae, skull, pelvis/iliac crest, proximal portion of long bones)