Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MOD Exam 1 > Hematopoiesis and Introduction to Peripheral Blood > Flashcards

Hematopoiesis and Introduction to Peripheral Blood Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 most important hematopoietic growth factors?

A

CSF (colony stimulating factor)
Cytokines
EPO (erythrpoietin)
TPO (thrombopoietin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the 1st potentiator of differentiation?

A

SCF (stem cell factor)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the function of IL-3?

A

Influences replication and growth potential of hematopoietic progenitors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the function of IL-6?

A

Stimulates megakaryocytes and neutrophil production; key factor in leukemoid reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the function of IL-2?

A

T-cell growth factor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the function of IL-2 and IL-6 combined?

A

B-cell growth factor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does G-CSF do?

A

Stimulates increase in neutrophils; treatment for neutropenia after chemotherapy or bone marrow transplant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does EPO do?

A

Stimulates formation of RBC’s; produced by kidney

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does TPO do?

A

Stimulates increase in megakaryocytes and platelets; produced by liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is MCV?

A

Mean corpuscular volume; average volume of RBC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is MCHC?

A

Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration; concentration of hemoglobin in a given volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is RPI? What does it increase with?

A

Reticulocyte production index; corrected reticulocyte % based on RBC volume; increases with increased RBC destruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the normal value of Hb?

A

Males: 13.5 - 17.5

Females: 12.3 - 15.3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the normal value of Hct?

A

Males: 40-52

Females: 36-48

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the normal value for RBC?

A

Males: 4.5 - 6.5

Females: 3.9 - 5.6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the normal value for MCV?

A

Males/Females: 80-95

17
Q

What is the normal value for MCHC?

A

Males/Females: 30-35

18
Q

What anemias are caused by a lack of iron?

A

Iron deficiency anemia, anemia of chronic disease, sideroblastic anemia

19
Q

What anemia is caused by folate or B12 deficiency?

A

Megaloblastic anemia

20
Q

What anemia results in pancytopenia usually caused by a toxin or drug effect?

A

Aplastic anemia

21
Q

What anemia is caused by autoantibodies?

A

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia

22
Q

What is microcytic?

A

MCV < 80

23
Q

What is normocytic?

A

MCV = 80-100

24
Q

What is macrocytic?

A

MCV > 100

25
Q

What are the microcytic anemias?

A

Iron deficiency, thalassemia, anemia of chronic disease, sideroblastic anemia

26
Q

What are the normocytic anemias with a low reticulocyte count?

A

Marrow failure, aplastic anemia, myelofibrosis, leukemia/metastasis, renal failure, anemia of chronic disease

27
Q

What are the normocytic anemias with a high reticulocyte count?

A

Sickle cell anemia, G6PD deficiency, hereditary spherocytosis, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria

28
Q

What are the macrocytic anemias?

A

Megaloblastic anemia, alcoholic liver disease

29
Q

What is extramedullary hematopoiesis?

A

Hematopoiesis occurring in organs outside of the bone marrow

30
Q

Define a left shift

A

Increased immature leukocytes, especially band forms

31
Q

Define toxic granulation

A

Dark, coarse granules within neutrophils, especially in inflammatory conditions

32
Q

What are the causes of neutrophilia?

A

Acute bacterial infection, medications (glucocorticoids, catecholamines), cigarette smoking, physical stress, myeloproliferative neoplasms/leukemia

33
Q

In patients with thrombocytopenia, what should they avoid/what are they at risk for with less than 100k platelets? Less than 50k platelets? Less than 20k platelets?

A

< 100k platelets: high risk surgery should be avoided

< 50k platelets: at risk for surgical bleeding

< 20k platelets: at risk for severe spontaneous hemorrhage, intracranial bleeding

34
Q

What are the causes of thrombocytopenia?

A

Increased platelet destruction, decreased production of platelets, sequesteration by the spleen in patients with splenomegaly

MOD Exam 1 (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions