Hematopoiesis

Question 1

Name some cytokines that regulate hematopoesis.

Answer 1

Stem Cell Factor
IL-1, IL-3, IL-6, IL-7
EPO
Colony Stimulating Factors

Question 2

What cells come from a hemocytoblast?

Answer 2

All blood cells. Immediately, common lymphoid and myeloid progenitors.

Question 3

What comes from the common lymphoid progenitor cell

Answer 3

Small lymphocytes that develop into B cells, T cells, or NK cells.

Question 4

What comes from common myeloid progenitor cells

Answer 4

Megakaryocytes, erythrocytes, and myeloblasts.

Question 5

What four cells types come from myeloblasts?

Answer 5

Basophil, Neutrophil, Eosinophil, Monocyte

Question 6

Three sites of hematopoesis over the course of development.

Answer 6

Yolk sac, fetal liver/spleen, bone marrow.

Question 7

Name the two traits that hematopoetic stem cells are known for.

Answer 7

1. Self Renewal

2. Totipotency

Question 8

Where can adult hematopoetic stem cells be found?

Answer 8

Bone Marrow

Question 9

Where do T cell progenitors mature? B cell?

Answer 9

Thymus, Bone Marrow

Question 10

Describe the nucleus of a neutrophil.

Answer 10

Tri-lobed

Question 11

Describe the nucleus of a eosinophil.

Answer 11

Bi-lobed

Question 12

Describe a basophil cell

Answer 12

So full of blue granules its hard to see anything.

Question 13

Monocyte? Macrophage?

Answer 13

Pac Man, Pac man with vacuoles.

Question 14

Describe the appearance of a megakaryocyte.

Answer 14

Big and amorphous…maybe a bit jagged.

Question 15

Describe the appearance of a NK cell, lymphocyte.

Answer 15

Lymphocyte – Round nucleus that takes basically all of the cell.

NK cell – Rounded like a lymphocyte, but slightly more amorphous and smaller nucleus by comparison.

Question 16

Neutrophils…name the origin, antigen receptor, function, marker, and induction factor.

Answer 16

Bone Marrow
None
Phagocytosis/Killing Microorganisms
CD15
G-CSF

Question 17

Monocytes…name the origin, antigen receptor, function, marker, and induction factor.

Answer 17

Bone Marrow
None
Become Macrophages/DCs
CD14
M-CSF

Question 18

Eosinophils…name the origin, antigen receptor, function, marker, and induction factor.

Answer 18

Bone Marrow
None
Killing Ab coated parasites via cytotoxic granules
IgE and IgG Receptors
IL-5

Question 19

Mast Cells…name the origin, antigen receptor, function, marker, and induction factor.

Answer 19

Bone Marrow
None
To Kill Parasites (Allergies as a bonus), make IL-4/5/6/13
IgE
SCF

Question 20

Basophils…name the origin, antigen receptor, function, and marker.

Answer 20

Bone Marrow
None
Effector cells in allergic disorders and parasite defense.
IgE receptor

Question 21

NK Cells…name the origin, antigen receptor, function, marker.

Answer 21

Bone Marrow and Thymus
None
Kill tumor+virus infected cells
Has activating and inhibitory receptors
CD16, CD 56

Question 22

T cells…name the origin, antigen receptor, function, marker.

Answer 22

BM, Thymus, Differentiation in LN
Yes
Regulate Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses
CD3 (all Ts), CD4, CD8

Question 23

B Cells…name the origin, antigen receptor, function, marker.

Answer 23

Bone Marrow
Yes
B Cell Receptor
Production of Ab (GAME)
CD19/CD20

Question 24

What cells can B lymphocytes mature into? What is required for this to happen?

Answer 24

B Plasma Cells with the help of Antigens and T cells

Question 25

Describe the Portions of WBC of each cell type.

Answer 25

Neutrophil -- 40-75%
Lymphocyte -- 20-50%
Monocyte -- 2-10%
Eosinophil -- 1-6%
Basophil <1%

Question 26

How are hematopoetic stem cells used in therapy?

Answer 26

Bone Marrow Transplant for immunodeficient/cancer

Question 27

What can you give a person to help boost neutrophils and monocytes by increasing leukocyte production?

Answer 27

G-CSF or GM-CSF

Question 28

How to medically induce RBC creation?

Answer 28

EPO

Question 29

NK Effector machinery?

Answer 29

Perforins and Granzymes